委任统治时期叙利亚库尔德民族主义运动研究  

A Study on the Kurdish Nationalist Movement in Syria During the Period of Mandate Rule

作　　者：肖文超[1,2] 王雨馨 XIAO Wenchao;WANG Yuxin(School of History and Culture,XinYang Normal Uuiversity;ZhengZhou University;School of History,Capital Normal Uuiversity)

机构地区：[1]信阳师范学院历史文化学院,信阳464000 [2]郑州大学 [3]首都师范大学历史学院,北京100048

出　　处：《阿拉伯世界研究》2022年第4期75-97,159,共24页Arab World Studies

基　　金：2016年度国家社科基金项目“‘南库尔德斯坦问题’与英国的中东政策研究”(16CSS032);2021年度中原英才计划——中原青年拔尖人才(哲学社会科学与文化艺术类);河南省高等学校哲学社会科学创新人才重点课题“中东民族问题:历史与现实”(2021-CX-021)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：一战后,法国确立了对叙利亚的委任统治。委任统治期间,在法国当局分而治之的民族政策影响下,叙利亚境内库尔德民族主义运动发展迅速。叙利亚库尔德人不但组建了政治实体霍伊布联盟,积极推进库尔德文化复兴运动以凝聚民族共同体意识,而且与基督教名人联合共同发起了以贾兹拉为中心的自治运动。叙利亚库尔德民族主义运动的兴起与战后中东地缘政治格局变动、法国的民族分治政策、土耳其库尔德民族主义、亚美尼亚民族主义等因素都密切相关。整个委任统治时期,尽管叙利亚库尔德民族主义运动并没有实现民族自治的最终诉求,但是这场运动本身培育了叙利亚库尔德人的民族共同体意识,对战后中东地缘政治局势产生了复杂影响,成为现代叙利亚库尔德问题的重要历史根源。After the First World War,France established a mandate system in Syria.During the Mandate period,the Kurdish nationalist movement in Syria grew rapidly under the influence of the French authorities’ policy of ethnic partition.The Syrian Kurds not only formed a political entity called Khoybun League,and actively promoted a Kurdish cultural revival movement to foster a sense of national community,but also joined forces with Christians to initiate the practice of autonomy centred on Jazira.The rise of the Kurdish nationalist movement in Syria was closely linked to the dramatic changes in the geopolitical environment of the post-war Middle East,the French policy of ethnic partition,Turkish Kurdish nationalism and Armenian nationalism.Throughout the Mandate period,although the Syrian Kurdish nationalist movement did not achieve the ultimate demand for national autonomy,the movement itself cultivated a sense of national community among the Syrian Kurds and had a complex impact on the geopolitical situation in the post-war Middle East,becoming an important historical source for our understanding of the modern Syrian Kurdish question.

关 键 词：委任统治 法国 叙利亚 库尔德民族主义 地缘政治 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]