基于MaxEnt模型附子的全国药材生态适应性区划研究  

Regionalization of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. (Fuzi) ecological suitability distribution based on MaxEnt model

作　　者：崔颢[1] 景志贤 周华[1,3] CUI Hao;JING Zhi-xian;ZHOU Hua(Faculty of Chinese Medicine,Macao University of Science and Technology,Taipa,Macao Special Administrative Region 999078,China;Slate Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine,Macao University of Science and Technology,Taipa,Macao Special Administrative Region 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学中医药学院,中国澳门特别行政区氹仔999078 [2]中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材国家重点实验室,北京100700 [3]中药质量研究国家重点实验室(澳门科技大学),中国澳门特别行政区氹仔999078

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第8期1920-1928,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技重大专项子课题(2017YFE0119900);澳门科学技术发展基金(0027/2017/AMJ)。

摘　　要：【目的】对附子生态适应性进行研究,为附子生产提供依据。【方法】通过产地调研、文献收集及标本信息整理,采用MaxEnt模型研究影响附子产量和质量的生态环境因子,用ArcGIS软件分析附子在全国的潜在分布区,依靠ROC曲线和Jackknife法验证主要环境因子并结合生产实践,明确附子在全国的生态适应区的范围。【结果】对影响附子的74个生态因子采用MaxEnt模型进行4次运算,除去贡献率为0的生态因子,最终选择26个生态因子进行分析,结果表明,影响附子分布的主要环境因子按贡献率从大到小依次是10月月降水量(35.6%)>海拔(24.9%)>湿润指数(10.0%)>昼夜温差与年温差比值(5.6%)>土壤有效含水量等级(3.6%)>植被类型(2.2%)=11月月降水量(2.2%)>最干月降雨量(1.3%)>5月月降水量(1.1%);附子在我国的潜在分布区域主要集中在云南、四川、西藏三省区结合部,贵州、重庆及陕西的秦岭一带,湖南、河南与陕西交界部分区域,辽宁、吉林与黑龙江东部的部分地区。附子新产区及传统产区均属于分布最适宜区,新产区年均温度低、附子生长期较长,产量较高。【结论】10月月降水量、海拔、植被类型、11月月降水量、5月月降水量这5个环境因子是影响附子分布的主要环境因子。附子的最适产区为四川、云南、西藏三省区结合部以及陕西南部区域。该研究结果将有助于为附子产区的规划和基地建设提供依据。【Objective】The study aimed to provide a basis for the division of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.(Fuzi) production and its standardized cultivation by analyzing the ecological adaptability of Fuzi. 【Method】 Following the research of origin, collection of literature, and specimen information, the MaxEnt model was used to study the eco-environmental factors affecting the yield and quality of Fuzi. ArcGIS software was used to analyze the potential distribution area of Fuzi. ROC curve and Jackknife were applied to verify the major extent of ecological adaptational area. 【Result】The sequence of contribution rates of major environmental factors affecting the distribution calculated by MaxEnt model was as follows: Monthly precipitation in October(35.6%)>altitude(24.9%)>humidity index(10.0%)>ratio of day-night temperature difference to annual temperature difference(5.6%)>soil effective water content grade(3.6%)>vegetation type(2.2%)=monthly precipitation in November(2.2%)>precipitation in the driest month(1.3%)>monthly precipitation in May(1.1%). The districts with the highest ecological similarity of Fuzi in China included the junction of Yunnan, Sichuan, and Tibet;The areas of Guizhou, Chongqing, Qinling mountains of Shaanxi, and Hunan;The junction of Henan and Shaanxi;and a few areas in the east of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang. Both the new and traditional production areas of Fuzi were the most suitable distribution areas. The average annual temperature in the new production areas was low. There was a longer growth period and a higher yield of Fuzi in the new production areas. 【Conclusion】The five environmental factors, including monthly precipitation in October, altitude, vegetation type, monthly precipitation in November, and monthly precipitation in May, were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of Fuzi. The most suitable production areas of Fuzi were the junction of Sichuan, Yunnan, and Tibet, as well as the southern part of Shaanxi. The results of this study will help to prov

关 键 词：附子 生产区划 生态因子 生态适应性 MaxEnt模型 ARCGIS 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]