不同基质配比及营养配方对天竺葵·矾根·草莓生长和观赏性的影响  

The Effects of Different Growth Media and Fertilization Schemes on the Growth and Ornamentality of Pelargonium sp.,Heuchera sp.,Fragaria×ananassa

作　　者：邹凌 阳纯艳 赵培飞[1,2] 田敏 施自明[1,2] 王心潮 陆琳[1,2] 苏艳 ZOU Ling;YANG Chun-yan;ZHAO Pei-fei(Institute of Flowers,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650205;National Engineering Research Center of Ornamental Horticulture,Kunming,Yunnan 650205;Yanshan Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Yanshan,Yunnan 663100)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650205 [3]砚山县农业技术推广中心,云南砚山663100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第19期58-62,118,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2018BB014);云南省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2019ZG006)。

摘　　要：采用不同比例的红土、椰槺、腐殖土、草炭进行混合形成配方,对不同的配方基质容重进行了测量,并结合使用缓释肥或水溶肥配方对以上3种植物的生长与观赏性进行了量化评估。结果表明,采用2份椰槺、1份草炭的配方(配方E)容重最小,约为375 g/L;2份椰槺、1份腐殖土的配方(B)容重为410 g/L;1份红土、2份椰槺、1份珍珠岩的配方(配方A)容重最重,为525 g/L;与配方A相比,前2个基质配方增大了植株的叶面积、冠幅、匍匐茎长度和数目。由此可知,对于天竺葵与矾根而言,最佳组合是2份椰槺、1份草炭配合使用水溶肥配方;对于草莓而言,2份椰槺、1份腐殖土配合缓释肥的使用为最佳组合。Different media containing red soil,coconut coir,humus,peat of different portions was made.Slow-release and water-dissolvable fertilizers were applied and their effects on growth and ornamentality of plants were evaluated.Mixture of 2 parts coconut coir,1 part peat(formula E)had the lowest bulk density being 375 g/L,followed by mixture of 2 parts coconut coir,1 part humus(formula B)being 410 g/L,and 1 part red soil,2 parts coconut coir,1 part perlite(formula A)being 525 g/L.The first 2 mixtures(formula E and B)increased leaf area,canopy breadth and the number of stolons.Water-dissolvable fertilizers inhibited growth of Fragaria×ananassa,but promoted growth of Pelargonium sp.,Heuchera sp.To optimize growth and ornamentality of Pelargonium sp.,Heuchera sp.,the best combination was using 2 parts coconut coir,1 part peat with water-dissolvable fertilizers.To optimize growth and ornamentality of Fragaria×ananassa,2 part coconut coir,1 part humus with slow-release fertilizer was the best combination.

关 键 词：天竺葵 矾根 草莓 栽培基质 生长 观赏性 

分 类 号：S606[农业科学—园艺学]