中国年封存量百万吨级CO_(2)地质封存选址策略  

Site Selection Strategy for An Annual Million-Ton Scale CO_(2) Geological Storage in China

作　　者：王紫剑 唐玄[1,2] 荆铁亚 游铭心[1] 张金川 李振[1] 周娟 WANG Zijian;TANG Xuan;JING Tieya;YOU Mingxin;ZHANG Jinchuan;LI Zhen;ZHOU Juan(School of Energy Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Strategy Evaluation for Shale Gas,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100083,China;Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute,Beijing 102209,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)能源学院,北京100083 [2]自然资源部页岩气战略评价重点实验室,北京100083 [3]中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司,北京102209

出　　处：《现代地质》2022年第5期1414-1431,共18页Geoscience

基　　金：国家自然基金重点基金项目(41972132,41730421);中国华能集团总部科技项目(HNJK21-H51)

摘　　要：CO_(2)地质封存是实现碳中和背景下难减排产业可持续发展的重要支撑技术。相较一些发达国家已经成功实现封存量为每年百万吨级CO_(2)封存项目工业化,中国的CO_(2)地质封存项目起步较晚,以封存量为每年十万吨级CO_(2)封存项目为主,而针对年封存量百万吨级及以上大型CO_(2)封存项目的选址、封存和监测尚缺乏经验。在针对世界上15个年封存量百万吨级CO_(2)地质封存项目成功案例调研基础上,按照封存场地圈闭地质类型划分了构造型圈闭(背斜型、断层型和裂缝型)和岩性型圈闭(砂岩型和碳酸盐岩型)两大类。在统计不同类型封存场地地质特征参数基础上,从“规模性、注入性、安全性和经济性”4大指标入手,提出了“大(Big)、通(Permeable)、保(Preserved)、值(Value)”BPPV选址原则,明确了年封存量百万吨级CO_(2)地质封存场地选址原则及参数标准。我国盆地类型多样差异大,需要采取不同的CO_(2)封存策略。针对鄂尔多斯、大庆油田等大型坳陷型盆地,由于其构造规模大、砂体分布面广、大规模背斜和岩性圈闭发育,寻找大型整装深层盐水层或者衰竭型油气藏封存场地的潜力大;针对东部渤海湾及近海断陷型盆地,由于断层发育、断层相关圈闭多、单圈闭容量较小,封存有效性受断层影响大,宜采取圈闭群综合评价与断层活动性动态评价相结合的策略;对西部叠合盆地,盆地边缘构造冲断带一般构造应力强、地层压力高、CO_(2)注入难度大,但盆地中央古隆起斜坡可以成为有效的封存场地,因此对西部盆地需要采取分区分带分层评价策略。CO_(2) geological storage are very important technology for the sustainable development for the industries with difficulties in reducing CO_(2) emissions.Compared with some countries that have succeeded in large CO_(2) geological storage projects with storage capacity of over a million tons per year,China’s CO_(2) geological storage projects are still in early stage,most projects in the size of 100,000 tons per year.China still lacks experience in CO_(2) storage site selection,injection and monitoring of large(>1 m tons CO_(2)/year)CO_(2) geological storage projects.We classify the storage space into two types in term of their geological type,e.g.structural traps(anticline,fault and fracture)and lithologic traps(sandstone and carbonate reef).Based on the study of 15 large CO_(2) geological storage projects around the world,four classes of indices for site determination were summarized,storage size,injecting capacity,safety and economic evaluation.The site selection principle and parameters for CO_(2) geological storage sites with an annual storage capacity of one million tons are defined.In terms of basin types and geological characteristics of China,different CO_(2) storage strategies need to be adopted.For instance,for large cratonic basins,such as the Ordos and Songliao basins,which contain wide distribution of sandbodies,and large-scale anticline and lithologic traps,they provid the potential for large-scale deep saline aquifers or depleted petroleum reservoir storage site.For the fault-bound basins such as the Bohai Bay and China offshore basins,well-developed faults or fault-related traps provide only small storage capacity and they are easily influenced by sealing effectiveness.It is thus necessary to adopt the strategy of comprehensive evaluation of trap groups with dynamic evaluation of fault activity;as for the superimposed basin in western China,the structural thrust belts on the basin margin have generally intensive tectonic stress,and great difficulty in CO_(2) injection.This brings high risk for C

关 键 词：CO_(2)地质封存 年封存量百万吨级 圈闭类型 选址策略 

分 类 号：P618.1[天文地球—矿床学] TE991[天文地球—地质学]