日本茶道专属饮茶空间的形成与演变  

Formation and Evolution of Exclusive Tea Drinking Space in Japanese Tea Ceremony

作　　者：张建立[1] Zhang Jianli

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院日本研究所文化研究室

出　　处：《农业考古》2022年第5期187-192,共6页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程项目“中日间文化认同问题研究”(项目编号:2021RBSB03)。

摘　　要：专属饮茶空间的确立,是日本茶道有别于其他茶文化的主要特色之一。从日本茶道专属饮茶空间的发展历程来看,不仅在日本茶道形成初期曾深受中国茶道空间观影响,而且其饮茶空间面积的大小亦长时间取决于茶人拥有“唐物”茶器的多寡。比较而言,中国茶道更重视饮茶空间的境况,器随境转,因品茶场地变化会对茶器进行增减;日本茶道正相反,境因器变,四张半榻榻米茶室最初就是给仅拥有一种唐物茶器者设计的。原本供经济状况等欠佳的嗜茶者使用、面积小于四张半榻榻米的“小座敷”,却因日本茶道集大成者千利休及其弟子、儿孙们对逼仄饮茶空间的推崇,而成为最具日本特色、中日文化交融的日本茶道专属饮茶空间,并受世人追捧至今。The establishment of exclusive tea drinking space is one of the main characteristics of Japanese tea ceremony different from other tea cultures.From the development process of the exclusive tea drinking space of Japanese tea ceremony,not only was it deeply influenced by the spatial view of Chinese tea ceremony in the early stage of the formation of Japanese tea ceremony,but also the size of tea drinking space depends on the amount of"karamono"owned by tea drinkers for a long time.Comparatively speaking,Chinese tea ceremony pays more attention to the situation of tea drinking space.The tea utensils change with the environment,and the tea utensils will be increased or decreased due to the change of tea tasting sites.Japanese tea ceremony is just the opposite,according to which the environment changes due to utensils.The four and a half tatami tea rooms were originally designed for those who have only one kind of karamono."Tiny tea house"covered an area of less than four and a half tatami originally for the use of the poor economic conditions,such as those addicted to tea.However,due to the praise of Qian Rikyu,the master of Japanese tea ceremony,as well as his disciples,children and grandchildren for the narrow tea drinking space,it has become the exclusive tea drinking space with the most Japanese characteristics and the integration of Chinese and Japanese culture,sought after by the world today.

关 键 词：日本茶道 专属饮茶空间 中国文化 软实力 文化认同 

分 类 号：K313[历史地理—历史学]