圆悟克勤的禅法与日本茶道的关联  

On the Relationship Between Yuanwu Keqin’s Zen Thought and Japanese Teaism

作　　者：杨海潮 Yang Haichao

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学文法学院

出　　处：《农业考古》2022年第5期200-210,共11页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“唐宋白蛮语对音研究”(项目编号:20XYY016);国家社科基金重大项目“‘一带一路’视野下的西南茶马古道文献资料整理与遗产保护研究”(项目编号:20&ZD229);国家社科基金一般项目“古代茶马制度中的边疆治理及其影响研究”(项目编号:21BMZ020);大益学者项目“大益核心价值研究”。

摘　　要：圆悟克勤禅师长期被认为是日本茶道思想“茶禅一味”的源头,并说日本茶道师中流传的墨迹“茶禅一味”即出自克勤之手。本文详细比较圆悟克勤的三件传世墨迹与古籍所录相关文字之间的异同,并讨论圆悟克勤的禅法与日本茶道思想奠基者一休宗纯之间的可能渊源,以观察圆悟克勤的禅法对日本茶道思想的影响,尤其是与“茶禅一味”思想的直接联系,认为圆悟克勤的禅法经过一休宗纯而对后代的日本茶道产生了较大的影响,但茶在圆悟克勤的禅法中并无突出地位,所谓一休宗纯传给后学的圆悟克勤墨迹,应该是圆悟克勤写给虎丘绍隆的开示状,目前所见资料与研究都不支持圆悟克勤本人与日本的“茶禅一味”思想之间有直接关联。The Zen master Yuanwu Keqin(1063-1135)has long been regarded as the origin of the idea"The taste of Zen in tea"in Japanese Teaism.It was said that he wrote the aphorism,and the handwriting was passed down to Japanese tea masters by IkkyūSōjun(1394-1481),the founder of Japanese Teaism’s thoughts.This article compares in details between Keqin’s three pieces handwriting and the relevant texts recorded in Chinese classics,and discusses the possible relationship of Zen thoughts between Keqin and Sōjun,to observe Keqin’s influence on Japanese Teaism,especially the direct relationship with the idea"The taste of Zen in tea".Synthesizing historical documents and relevant contemporary researches,this article speculates that it should be the enlightenment paper written by Keqin to his student,Huqiu Shaolong(1077-1138),which was passed down to Japanese tea masters by Sōjun after that.There is no prominent position of tea in Keqin’s Zen thoughts,and the data and researches so far do not show a direct relationship between Keqin and The idea"The taste of Zen in tea".

关 键 词：圆悟克勤 墨迹 日本茶道 一休宗纯 茶禅一味 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学]