基于VIC模型的涪江流域径流模拟  

Discharge Simulation Based on VIC Model over the Fujiang River Basin

作　　者：韩潇 张亚萍 周国兵 翟丹华 吴胜刚 李琴 HAN Xiao;ZHANG Yaping;ZHOU Guobing;ZHAI Danhua;WU Shenggang;LI Qin(Chongqing Meteorological Observatory,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市气象台,重庆401120

出　　处：《水文》2022年第5期76-81,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：重庆市气象局青年基金项目(QNJJ-202017)。

摘　　要：分布式水文模型是水文气象发展的新方向之一。VIC模型已在众多流域取得了较好的模拟结果,而在小尺度山区地形下的适用性尚未得到充分验证。文章选取涪江流域为典型流域,以CGDPA定量降水估计产品及结合GIS平台处理后的地理信息为输入资料,建立了涪江流域的VIC模型,探讨模型在小尺度川渝复杂地形流域的水文模拟适用性。结果表明:1986-2010年,VIC模型水量平衡方案能较好地反映流域出口小河坝站的日及月径流的变化过程,验证期日径流NSE=0.569,RE=18.78%,月径流NSE=0.764,RE=17.99%。在中等径流上模拟结果较佳,对小径流与极大径流有低估,而较大径流有高估。考虑能量平衡后效果下降,说明模型的能量平衡方案在涪江流域仍存在一定不合理性。总体上VIC模型在涪江流域上具有较好的适用性。Distributed hydrological model has become one of the hot focuses of hydro-meteorological development.The Variable Infiltration Capacity model has achieved great simulation results in many basins.However,its applicability over the small-scale basin of mountainous terrain has not been fully validated yet.Taking Fujiang River basin as a typical basin,a VIC model was established using the China Gaugebased Daily Precipitation Analysis quantitative precipitation estimation product and the geographic information processed by the GIS platform.The applicability of the model to hydrological simulation for the complex small-scale basin was also explored.The results show that,the VIC model with water balance scheme could well simulate the daily and monthly discharge processes at Xiaoheba station.The NSE of daily and monthly simulated discharge are 0.569 and 0.764 respectively,while the relative errors are 18.78%and 17.99%during validation period.The simulation scored the highest for medium discharge,and underestimated small and extremely large discharge while overestimated large discharge.The results got worse after considering energy balance,indicating that the energy balance scheme of VIC model has irrationality to the Fujiang River basin.In general,the VIC model has good applicability over the Fujiang River basin.

关 键 词：涪江流域 VIC模型 CGDPA降水 径流模拟 

分 类 号：P339[天文地球—水文科学]