水泥环向非均匀胶结时套管井井孔声场数值仿真试验  

Numerical simulation test of borehole acoustic field in cased wells with circumferential cement uneven cementation

作　　者：高永德 张聪慧[2] 吴木旺 王晓飞[2] 杨福林 陈雪莲[3] GAO Yongde;ZHANG Conghui;WU Muwang;WANG Xiaofei;YANG Fulin;CHEN Xuelian(Zhanjiang Branch,CNOOC Limited(China),Zhanjiang 524000,Guangdong;Oilfield Technology Division,China Oilfield Services Limited,Beijing 101149;School of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,Shandong)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,广东湛江524000 [2]中海油田服务股份有限公司油田技术事业部,北京101149 [3]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期61-69,共9页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“套管井水泥胶结评价的SH横波检测方法和实验研究”(41774141)。

摘　　要：随着我国油气勘探开发逐渐向深水、深地以及深海等复杂测井环境拓展,高温高压等特殊的井下条件给油田固井造成了很大的困难,水泥浆和地层压力之间较窄的压力窗口,使得固井水泥浆凝固过程中地层流体易侵入水泥浆形成窜槽,造成水泥环向胶结不均匀,研究此情况下的测井响应对可靠评价固井质量至关重要。通过三维交错网格高阶有限差分方法数值模拟和实验室测量研究了CBL/VDL(cement bonding log(声波幅度测井),variable density log(声波变密度测井))和扇区水泥胶结测井SBT(segment bond tool)在水泥环向胶结非均匀时的响应特征。数值计算和实验室测量结果都表明,对高密度水泥浆,随着环向水泥缺失程度越来越大,CBL/VDL套管波相对幅度逐渐增大,但在环向水泥缺失角度小于90°时,套管波相对幅度的增强不明显;扇区水泥胶结测井SBT对测量源距范围内的水泥缺失比较敏感,套管波幅度基本随着水泥缺失面积的增加呈线性增加,即SBT对环向较小区域的水泥缺失更敏感,分辨率更高。该研究通过定量描述扇区水泥缺失率与套管波相对幅度的关系,可提高现场对水泥胶结评价结果的认识。With the gradual expansion of oil and gas exploration and development in China to complex logging environments such as deep water,deep ground and deep sea,special downhole conditions such as high temperature and high pressure have caused great difficulties in oilfield cementing.Due to the narrow pressure window between cement slurry and formation pressure,formation fluid is easy to penetrate the cement slurry and form the channel during cementing slurry solidification,resulting in uneven cement annulus cementing.It is very important to study the logging response under this condition for reliable evaluation of cementing quality.In this paper,the response characteristics of CBL/VDL(cement bonding log/variable density log)and SBT(segment bond tool)in cased wells with circumferential cement uneven cementation were studied by numerical simulation and laboratory measurement using three-dimensional staggered grid high-order finite difference method.Both simulated and measured results show that for high-density cement slurry,the relative amplitude of CBL/VDL casing wave increases gradually with the increasing degree of circumferential cement loss,but the relative amplitude of CBL/VDL casing wave does not increase significantly when the circumferential cement loss angle is less than 90°.SBT is more sensitive to cement loss in the range of measured source distance,and the amplitude of casing wave increases linearly with the increase of cement loss area,i.e.,SBT is more sensitive to cement loss in smaller circumferential area and has higher resolution.By quantitatively describing the relationship between the circumferential cement loss rate and the relative amplitude of casing wave,this study can improve the understanding of the evaluation results of cement bonding quality in the field.

关 键 词：扇区水泥缺失 数值模拟 套管波幅度 扇区水泥胶结测井 

分 类 号：TE256[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]