病险土石坝勘察的几个重点问题探讨  

Analysis of Several Key Issues in Geological Survey of Dangerous Earth Rock Dams

作　　者：王周萼[1] 陈薇[2] 王小波[1] WANG Zhoue;CHEN Wei;WANG Xiaobo(Changjiang Survey Technology Research Institute,Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan,Hubei 430011,China;Testing Center of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]水利部长江勘测技术研究所,湖北武汉430011 [2]长江科学院检测中心,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《水利与建筑工程学报》2022年第5期50-54,共5页Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“土石堤坝渗漏探测巡查及抢险技术装备研发”(2019YFC1510805)。

摘　　要：做好病险土石坝勘察工作,需理解并掌握险情、勘探、钻孔注水试验和土体抗剪强度试验等四个方面的重点问题。通过险情调查,可明确险情原因并为开展针对性的勘探布置提供依据。勘探手段以钻探为主,分析了勘探布置原则和应注意的问题。钻孔注水试验分常水头和降水头两种试验方法,分析了其适用条件和渗透系数取值原则,并以实例记录降水头试验数据和利用EXCEL自动计算功能获取渗透系数的方法。抗剪强度试验分三轴和直剪两种试验方法,分析了其优劣以及坝坡稳定分析对抗剪强度试验的要求。分析内容与方法可为病险土石坝勘察提供借鉴。In order to do the geological survey for dangerous earth rock dam,it is necessary to deal with some issues,such as dangerous situation,geological survey,water injection test and soil shear strength test.First of all,the risk investigation not only indefinites reasons for dangerous situation,but also presents evidence for targeted exploration layout.In the second place,drilling is the major of exploration means,its layout principles need to be noted.Besides,the methods of water injection test are divided into constant head and reducing head,whose applicability and fetching value of hydraulic conductivity are analyzed in this paper.In the meantime,a living example is carried out to record reducing head test date,and explain the determination of hydraulic conductivity using the automatically calculating function of the software Excel.Finally,advantages of both direct shear and triaxial compression tests were analyzed and discussed,as well as the demands from slopes stability analysis.The contents and methods of the analysis could provide reference for the geological survey of the dangerous earth rock dam.

关 键 词：险情调查 勘探布置 钻孔注水试验 抗剪强度试验 

分 类 号：TU413[建筑科学—岩土工程]