昼夜节律与肉羊养分消化代谢和瘤胃发酵参数的关联  

Effects of Circadian Rhythm on Rumen Fermentation and Nutrient Digestion of Mutton Sheep

作　　者：张春桃 马涛[1] 屠焰[1] 刁其玉[1] ZHANG ChunTao;MA Tao;TU Yan;DIAO QiYu(Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所/农业农村部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2022年第18期3664-3674,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目;中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-FRI-04)。

摘　　要：【目的】生物钟系统普遍存在于生命体的各级水平,与动物本身的消化生理及生长性能存在着密切的内在关联。试验探讨了昼夜节律与湖羊瘤胃发酵参数和养分消化代谢的关联,以期为提高育肥羊生长性能和营养物质的利用率提供依据。【方法】选用体重为(21.57±0.77)kg健康湖羊45只,随机分为3个处理组,每组15只,各处理组采用相同的精料补充料和粗料。3个处理分别设置为:白天处理组(DH),即早上饲喂日总精料的70%+日总粗料的30%;晚上处理组(DL),即早上饲喂日总精料的30%+日总粗料的70%;对照组(CON),即早上和晚上各饲喂日总精料的50%+日总粗料的50%。饲喂两个月后,进行消化代谢试验。采用全收粪、尿法用于测定养分表观消化率和代谢率。饲养试验结束后,分别于晨饲前两小时和晚饲前2h,通过口腔采集瘤胃液样本用于相关指标测定。【结果】①试验羊只的日增重DH组为215.00g,进食量低于DL组和CON组,饲料转化比最优,为5.35,分别优于其他2组11.19%和16.04%。②与CON相比,DH组羊只干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)消化率均高于CON和DL组,具体:DH与DL组相比,DM消化率提高了21.42%,CP提高了22.29%,NDF提高了9.85%,ADF提高了28.69%。③氮的生物学价值DH组比CON明显提高(P>0.05)各组间可消化氮的摄入量之间无显著差异,DL组试验羊的总氮排出显著高于DH组(P<0.05)。DH组羊沉积氮、氮利用率和氮的生物学价值显著高于DL组(P<0.05)和CON组(P>0.05)。④不同处理对各组试验羊瘤胃微生物蛋白(MCP)、乙酸、和总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)等指标差异不显著(P>0.05),DH组羊只瘤胃pH、乙丙比、丁酸显著低于DL组(P<0.05)。随着昼夜交替变化,瘤胃pH、NH_(3)-N、乙酸、丙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸和乙丙比发生显著变化(P<0.05),相关参数值白天高于夜间。【结论】在相同日粮营养素含量�【Objective】The biological clock system generally exists at all levels of life,which is closely related to the digestive physiology and growth performance of animals.This experiment explored the relationship between circadian rhythm and rumen fermentation parameters,nutrient digestion and metabolism of Hu sheep,in order to explore the relationship between circadian rhythm and physiological digestion and metabolism of Hu sheep,so as to provide an important theoretical basis for improving the growth performance and nutrient utilization of fattening sheep.【Method】Forty-five healthy Hu sheep with body weight of 21.57±0.77kg weight were randomly divided into 3 groups,with 15 sheep in each group.Each treatment group was used the same concentrate supplement and coarse feed.The three treatments were respectively set as follows:day treatment group(DH),that was,70%of the total daily concentrate+30%of the total daily coarse feed in the morning;in the evening treatment group(DL),30%of the daily total concentrate+70%of the daily total coarse feed were fed in the morning;the control group(CON),i.e.50%of the daily total concentrate+50%of the daily total crude feed in the morning and evening.After feeding for two months,the digestion and metabolism test was carried out.Total fecal collection and urine were used to determine nutrient apparent digestibility and metabolic rate.After the feeding experiment,the rumen fluid samples were collected from oral cavity 2 h before morning feeding and 2 h before evening feeding,respectively,for the determination of related indexes.【Result】①The daily gain of DH was 215.00 g,the food intake was lower than that of DL and CON,and the feed conversion ratio was the best,with the value of 5.35,which was 11.19%and 16.04%better than the other two groups,respectively.②Under different feeding modes,the digestibility of dry matter(DM),organic matter(OM),crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)of sheep in DH group were higher than those in CON and DL grou

关 键 词：肉羊 湖羊 昼夜节律 消化代谢 瘤胃发酵参数 

分 类 号：S826.5[农业科学—畜牧学]