竹子退笋现象研究现状与展望  

Research on Degraded Bamboo Shoots:Status and Prospect

作　　者：马昂 冯小虎 Ma Ang;Feng Xiaohu(Management Office,Beijing Black Bamboo Park,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市紫竹院公园管理处,北京100048

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2022年第5期89-94,共6页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：北京市公园管理中心紫竹院科技经费项目(11000022T000000471333)。

摘　　要：文章从退笋的概念、退笋的形态特征及发生规律、影响退笋的主要因素和调控措施等方面,总结了已有的研究结果。综合分析表明,刚竹属竹子的退笋率,随竹笋出土时间的延后呈直线上升;95.3%的退笋,其高度≤35 cm,但当竹笋生长到一定高度之后,发生退笋的概率将迅速降低。施肥对退笋率的影响,未有一致的研究结论,主要与竹种和施肥方式有关。竹笋的水分生理、笋期营养在“源—库”之间的分配、竹笋生长的基因调控,是研究退笋内在发生机理的切入点。在生产实践中,有效降低退笋率的竹林抚育技术是研究重点。This paper summarizes the current research on degraded bamboo shoots from the aspects of concept,morphological characteristics,occurrence regularity,influencing factors and regulation measures.The results show that the rate of degraded shoot of Phyllostachys sulphurea dramatically will rise to 95.3%with the shoot height less than 35 cm,when the shooting time is late.But,when a shoot grows to certain height,the probability of shoot degradation will reduce quickly.There is no consistent conclusion on the effect of fertilization on the ratio of degraded shoots,which is mainly related to bamboo species and fertilization methods.The research on working mechanism of shoot degradation could be focused on water physiology of bamboo shoot,‘sink–source’change in bamboo and shoots,gene regulation of shoot growth,while the research on production practices should be concentrated on the bamboo forest tending technique for reducing the quantity of degraded shoots.

关 键 词：竹子 退笋 发生规律 调控措施 研究展望 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]