肠道菌群与肠黏膜免疫耐受的研究进展  

Study advances in intestinal flora and intestinal mucosal immune tolerance

作　　者：江益凡 孙洋 张艳 李静 JIANG Yifan;SUN Yang;ZHANG Yan;LI Jing(Department of Laboratory Medicine,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233004,China;Clinical Medical College,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233004,China)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院第一附属医院检验科,安徽蚌埠233004 [2]蚌埠医学院临床医学院,安徽蚌埠233004

出　　处：《山东第一医科大学（山东省医学科学院）学报》2022年第9期711-715,共5页Journal of Shandong First Medical University ＆ Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences

基　　金：蚌埠医学院第一附属医院优秀青年科学基金(2019byyfyyq02)。

摘　　要：肠道菌群与宿主形成庞大的共生生态系统,通过影响肠管中各种细胞的功能来调节宿主肠道的免疫状态。肠上皮细胞、免疫细胞和肠道菌群之间的相互作用可诱导机体产生特异性免疫反应,抵御有害物质损伤肠管。研究认为,维持效应性免疫与免疫耐受性之间的平衡成为临床治疗免疫性疾病的重要靶点。肠道黏膜免疫系统通过对肠道内共生菌的识别形成免疫耐受,对侵入的病原体识别并激活效应性免疫,以此建立肠道的先天免疫与适应性免疫系统。本综述简要概括肠黏膜免疫耐受的建立机制、肠道菌群在诱导肠黏膜免疫耐受中的作用和可能机制以及肠道菌群诱导免疫耐受在炎症性肠病中的作用,可对共生菌治疗炎症性肠病的应用提供参考。Intestinal flora forms a large symbiotic ecosystem with the host and regulates the immune status of the host by influencing the functions of various cells in the intestinal canal.The interaction between intestinal epithelial cells,immune cells and intestinal flora can induce specific immune response against harmful substances.Recent studies suggest that maintaining the balance between effector immunity and immune tolerance has become an important target for clinical treatment of immune diseases.Intestinal mucosal immune system forms immune tolerance by recognizing symbiotic bacteria in the intestinal tract,recognizes invading pathogens and activates effector immunity,so as to establish innate and adaptive immune systems in the intestinal tract.This review briefly summarizes the establishment mechanism of intestinal mucosal immune tolerance,the role and possible mechanism of intestinal microbiota in inducing intestinal mucosal immune tolerance,and the role of intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease,which can provide reference for the application prospect of symbiotic bacteria in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

关 键 词：肠道菌群 肠屏障 免疫耐受 耐受诱导 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]