武汉市2017—2021年度放射工作人员职业健康状况分析  

Analysis of the Occupational Health Status of Radiation Workers in Wuhan in 2017-2021

作　　者：王静[1] 郑剑南[1] 梅丹 王文娟 马奎[1] Wang Jing;Zheng Jiannan;Mei Dan;Wang Wenjuan;Ma Kui(Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430079)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《辐射防护通讯》2022年第4期12-17,共6页Radiation Protection Bulletin

摘　　要：目的探讨低剂量电离辐射对医疗机构放射工作人员的健康影响。方法选取2017、2019、2021年接受职业健康检查的2412名三甲医院放射工作人员作为研究对象,回顾性分析健康体检资料。结果(1)2017、2019、2021年放射工作人员血常规异常率分别为58.6%、45.9%、59.1%,且女性异常率高于男性,差异显著;(2)男性肝功能、腹部彩超异常率均高于女性,差异显著;(3)眼晶状体和腹部彩超异常率随年龄和工龄的增加呈升高趋势,差异显著;(4)不同工种间,血常规、眼晶状体、心电图、微核、腹部彩超异常率差异无统计学意义。结论长期低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员的健康有一定的不良影响,主要表现为血常规白细胞、血红蛋白和红细胞下降,眼晶状体皮质不同程度的浑浊,需加强放射工作人员的辐射防护和职业健康检查。Objective To investigate the health effects of low dose ionizing radiation on radiation workers in medical institutions.Methods The physical examination data of 2412 radiation workers of grade A hospitals,who underwent occupational health examination in 2017,2019 and 2021,were retrospectively analysed.Results (1)the routine blood abnormality rate in these years was 58.6%,45.9%and 59.1%respectively,with the abnormal rate of women clearly higher than that of men;(2)the abnormal rate of liver function and abdominal colour ultrasound of men was higher than that of women,with significant differences;(3)the abnormal rate of ocular lens and abdominal colour ultrasound tended to increase distinctly with age and length of service;(4)there’s no statistical difference in the abnormal rate of blood routine,ocular lens,electrocardiogram,micronucleus and abdominal colour ultrasound between different jobs.Conclusion Long-term low doses of ionizing radiation to the health of radiation workers have some negative effects,mainly for routine blood leukocyte,hemoglobin and red blood cells decline,eye lens cortex different levels of turbidity,abnormal electrocardiogram(ecg),fatty liver,liver kidney stones,etc.,some abnormalities may be associated with gender,age,service age,and type of work.Radiation protection and occupational health examination for radiation workers should be strengthened.

关 键 词：放射工作人员 电离辐射 职业健康检查 

分 类 号：R148[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]