锂离子电池用(聚)离子液体电解质  

(Poly)Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

作　　者：刘书畅 骆萱 张灵志[1,2,3,4] LIU Shu-chang;LUO Xuan;ZHANG Ling-zhi(Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development,Guangzhou 510640,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所,广州510640 [2]中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室,广州510640 [3]广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室,广州510640 [4]中国科学技术大学,合肥230026 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《新能源进展》2022年第5期419-430,共12页Advances in New and Renewable Energy

基　　金：王宽诚教育基金项目;中科院科技服务网络计划(STS)东莞专项项目(20211600200331)。

摘　　要：锂离子电池已广泛应用于便携式电子设备和电动汽车等领域,然而商用锂离子电池中含有大量易燃的碳酸酯类有机溶剂,容易造成安全隐患。离子液体具有蒸汽压低、化学结构设计多样性、热稳定性及电化学稳定性优异等优点,可以用来代替易燃有机溶剂,在电化学储能领域具有广阔的应用前景。聚离子液体是一类聚合物重复单元上含有阴、阳离子的新型聚合物电解质材料,兼具离子液体和聚合物固态电解质不漏液、易于加工的优势。根据离子液体和聚离子液体化学结构的设计合成及其在锂离子电池中的应用形式,综述了近年来离子液体电解质的研究进展,并提出了离子液体电解质未来的应用挑战和发展方向。Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles.However,the commercial electrolytes used in lithium-ion batteries are flammable due to the low flash point of carbonic ester which often causes safety hazards in practical applications.Ionic liquids hold great potential as alternative safe electrolytes to the volatile organic solvents in the conventional liquid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries,owing to their unique advantages such as low vapor pressure,excellent chemical stability,and thermal stability.Poly(ionic liquid)s possess both advantages of ionic liquids and solid polymer electrolytes such as no electrolyte leakage and ease of processing in the production of batteries.In this article,the recent progress in the synthesis and the application of ionic liquids and poly(ionic liquid)s as electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries were reviewed.The application challenges and the development directions of these ionic liquid electrolytes were also presented.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 高安全性电解质 离子液体 聚离子液体 

分 类 号：TK02[动力工程及工程热物理] TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB34