不同叶果比对设施红美人杂柑光合特性和果实品质的影响  

Effects of different leaf/fruit ratio on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of Hongmeiren citrus hybrid under protected cultivation

作　　者：王鹏[1,2] 金龙飞 黄贝 曹明奡 温明霞 吴韶辉[1] 徐建国[1,2] WANG Peng;JIN Longfei;HUANG Bei;CAO Ming’ao;WEN Mingxia;WU Shaohui;XU Jian-guo(Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute,Taizhou 318026,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Branch of National Citrus Variety Improvement Center,Taizhou 318026,Zhejiang,China;College of Horticulture and Gardening,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省柑橘研究所,浙江台州318026 [2]国家柑橘品种改良中心浙江分中心,浙江台州318026 [3]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第10期1857-1863,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2020YFD1000102);国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26-02A)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同叶果比对柑橘光合特性和果实品质的影响,以期为柑橘树势调控和品质提升提供理论依据。【方法】以设施栽培红美人杂柑为试材,设置3个叶果比处理,测定枝叶的生长量、叶绿素相对含量、光合参数、产量和果实品质。【结果】叶果比100(LFR 100)的发梢数、节间长度、叶绿素相对含量、单果质量、纵径和横径显著高于其他处理,LFR80的叶面积、厚度和品质较高,LFR60的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和水分利用率较高,LFR80的可溶性固形物含量较高,总酸较低,固酸比最高。【结论】LFR80的枝叶生长量大、叶绿素相对含量和光合速率较高、单果质量和单株产量适中、果实品质最佳。因此,设施栽培红美人杂柑的叶果比控制在80左右比较适宜。【Objective】Reasonable leaf/fruit ratio is an important cultivation index to balance tree vigor, yield and fruit quality. The study on effects of different leaf/fruit ratio on the photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of citrus can provide a theoretical basis for improving fruit quality and tree growth.【Methods】6-year-old Hongmeiren citrus hybrid trees grafted on trifoliate orange rootstock under protected cultivation were used as experimental materials. Three different leaf/fruit ratio(LFR) levels(60, 80 and 100) were set respectively through twice thinning. The shoot and leaf growth, leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters, yield and fruit quality were determined.【Results】The shoot growth increased with the increase of leaf/fruit ratio. The shoot number and internode length with LFR100 treatment were 1.91 and 1.94 cm, respectively, which were higher than those with LFR60and LFR80 treatments. However, the leaf growth increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of leaf/fruit ratio. The leaf area, thickness and weight with LFR80 were 291 5.5 mm^(2), 0.34 mm and1.47 g, respectively, which were higher than those with LFR60 and LFR80. Chlorophyll synthesis in citrus leaves was also affected by leaf/fruit ratio. The chlorophyll content increased significantly with the increase of leaf/fruit ratio. The leaf chlorophyll content with LFR100 in spring-and autumn-growing shoots were 138.56 and 121.96 respectively, which were obviously higher than those with LFR60 and LFR80. The fruit size of citrus was closely related to leaf/fruit ratio. The single fruit weight, longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter with LFR100 were 328.54 g, 88.20 mm and 87.68 mm, respectively, which were significantly higher than those with LFR60 and LFR80. The photosynthetic rate of citrus leaves was also affected by leaf/fruit ratio due to the distribution change of assimilative products. The net photosynthetic rates with LFR60 in spring-and autumn-growing shoots were 14.84 μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1) and

关 键 词：柑橘 叶果比 枝叶生长 光合特性 果实品质 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]