碳化钛的镍化及其对复合材料吸波性能的影响  

Nickelization of Titanium Carbide and Its Impact on the Microwave Absorption Properties of Composite Materials

作　　者：时光生 李姜[1] Guangsheng Shi;Jiang Li(State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering,Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]高分子材料工程国家重点实验室(四川大学)四川大学高分子研究所,四川成都610065

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2022年第8期50-58,共9页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51873112)。

摘　　要：二维金属碳化物(MXene),以二碳化三钛(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X))为代表,其优异的介电性能使其在电磁波吸收领域有着很大的应用潜力。然而,其较高的电导率与单一的介电损耗机制限制了其微波吸收性能的进一步提高。水性聚氨酯(WPU)具有绿色环保、良好的力学性能等优点被广泛应用于各种领域。因此,文中通过溶剂热法制备了磁性镍颗粒修饰的MXene吸波剂(Ni@MXene)。目的是为了改善MXene的匹配特性并引入磁损耗机制,从而提高MXene的吸波性能。通过调控镍离子与MXene的质量比制备了3种不同镍含量的Ni@MXene。结果表明,镍的引入能够有效地改善MXene的匹配特性并能显著提高MXene的吸波性能。Ni@MXene/石蜡复合材料在质量分数40%、1.7 mm厚度时最小反射损耗为-32.0 dB(对应频率为11.9 GHz),有效吸收带宽达到了2.6 GHz(对应波段为11.7~14.3 GHz)。最后,以MXene和Ni@MXene为填料、WPU为基体制备了质量分数为20%的复合材料,进一步验证了镍化改性对MXene吸波性能的提升。Two-dimensional metal carbide(MXene),represented by titanium bicarbonide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)),has great application potentials in the field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials due to its excellent dielectric properties.However,its high conductivity and single dielectric loss mechanism limit the further improvement of its microwave absorption performance.Waterborne polyurethane(WPU)has been widely used in various fields due to its advantages of environmental protection and excellent mechanical properties.Therefore,the magnetic nickel particle modified MXene absorber(Ni@MXene)was prepared by solvothermal method in this paper.The purpose is to improve the matching characteristics of MXene and introduce magnetic loss mechanism,thereby improving the wave-absorbing performance of MXene.Three kinds of Ni@MXene with different nickel contents were prepared by adjusting the mass ratio of nickel ion to MXene.The results show that the introduction of nickel can effectively improve the matching characteristics of MXene and significantly enhance the wave-absorbing properties of MXene.The Ni@MXene/paraffin composite has the minimum reflection loss(RL)of-32.07 dB(at the frequency of 11.90 GHz)and the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)can reach 2.63 GHz(ranging from 11.70 GHz to 14.33 GHz)with a filler mass fraction of 40%and thickness of only 1.7 mm.Finally,the composite with the mass fraction of 20%was prepared by using MXene and Ni@MXene as filler and WPU as matrix,which further verifies the improvement of absorption performance of MXene by the nickelization modification.

关 键 词：二维金属碳化物 水性聚氨酯 镍 溶剂热反应 阻抗特性 电磁波吸收 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]