玄武岩纤维/聚乳酸/聚β-羟基丁酸酯复合材料的制备及加工性能和热性能  

Preparation,Processing Performance and Thermal Performance of Basalt Fiber/Polylactic Acid/Polyβ-Hydroxybutyrate Composites

作　　者：陈涛涛 辛勇[1] Taotao Chen;Yong Xin(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学机电工程学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2022年第8期89-94,103,共7页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51365038)。

摘　　要：以聚乳酸(PLA)、聚β-羟基丁酸酯(PHB)和玄武岩纤维(BF)为原料,通过一步反应熔融共混工艺,注塑成型制备出BF/PLA/PHB复合材料。探究了BF的含量对PLA/PHB基体复合材料的力学、热学以及流变性能的影响。通过拉伸测试,BF/PLA/PHB复合材料中BF的质量分数增加到10%时,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率虽然达到最大,但上升幅度明显减弱。通过X射线衍射以及差示扫描量热分析得出,加入的BF在PLA/PHB基体当中起到异相成核的作用,提升了PLA/PHB基体材料的结晶度,复合材料中BF质量分数超过5%时,结晶度提升明显减弱,达到阈值。通过旋转流变仪表征得出复合材料BF/PLA/PHB中BF质量分数增加到2%时,达到流变渗流阈值,继续增加BF含量,其复合材料的复数黏度将会显著提升,流动性差,不利于工程应用加工。This work considers the application of environmentally friendly and degradable biomaterials of polylactic acid and polyβ-hydroxybutyrate,and basalt fiber as one of the most promising potential reinforcement materials for renewable resource-based biodegradable polymers.The preparation of environmentally friendly and degradable high-performance biocomposites that can replace petroleum-based plastics will become very meaningful research.Using polylactic acid(PLA),polyβ-hydroxybutyrate(PHB)and basalt fibers(BF)as raw materials,BF/PLA/PHB composite materials were prepared by injection molding through one-step reaction melt blending process.The effects of BF content on the tensile strength and elongation at break,thermal properties and rheological properties of PLA/PHB matrix composites with different contents of BF were explored.Through the tensile test,when the BF mass fraction in the BF/PLA/PHB composite materials is increased to 10%,although the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite material reach the maximum,the increase rate is obviously weakened.Through XRD and differential scanning thermal analysis,it is concluded that the addition of basalt fiber can play a role of heterogeneous nucleation in the PLA/PHB matrix,which improves the crystallinity of the PLA/PHB matrix materials.The content of basalt fibers in the composite materials exceeds at 5%,the increase of crystallinity is significantly weakened and reaches the threshold.The characterization by rotating rheometer shows that when the BF content of in the BF/PLA/PHB composite materials increases to 2%,the rheological seepage threshold is reached.If the content of basalt fibers continues to increase,the complex viscosity of the composite materials will be significantly increased,and the fluidity will be poor,which is not conducive to engineering application processing.

关 键 词：复合材料 玄武岩纤维 拉伸强度 断裂伸长率 热性能 流变性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]