露天煤矿抛掷爆破技术研究现状及发展趋势  

Research status and development trend of blast casting technology in open-pit coal mine

作　　者：马力 徐甜新 李克民[2] 孙进步 刘宇 张奇峰 薛飞 靳新宇 李瑞行 王恒荣 MA Li;XU Tian-xin;LI Ke-min;SUN Jin-bu;LIU Yu;ZHANG Qi-feng;XUE Fei;JIN Xin-yu;LI Rui-hang;WANG Heng-rong(School of Energy,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,Xuzhou 221116,China;Xinjiang Tianchi Energy Co.Ltd.,Changji 831100,China;Haerwusu Open-pit Coal Mine,CHN Energy Zhunneng Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhunge’er 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学,能源学院,陕西西安710054 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]新疆天池能源有限责任公司,新疆昌吉831100 [4]国能准能集团哈尔乌素露天煤矿,内蒙古准格尔017000

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2022年第9期134-141,共8页Coal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51604264)。

摘　　要：从剥采比、剥离台阶的稳定性、采场岩石特征和环境约束、技术经济等方面分析了影响露天煤矿应用抛掷爆破的因素,并指出了抛掷爆破在露天煤矿剥离环节中的适用条件。以黑岱沟露天煤矿为例,介绍了抛掷爆破技术的探索与应用过程,并从抛掷爆破参数设计、效果预测与评价、工艺匹配及参数优化等方面形成了体系完善的抛掷爆破—拉斗铲无运输倒堆工艺。系统总结了台阶深孔抛掷爆破机理,抛掷爆破参数优化,抛掷爆破剥离工艺及开采程序方面的国内外研究成果。客观分析了抛掷爆破剥离技术及其工艺系统特点,并从抛掷爆破后爆堆形态、有效抛掷率以及岩体内部节理裂隙发育程度的不确定性等方面考虑,提出了未来露天煤矿抛掷爆破技术的研究与应用趋势。The research and application achievements of blast casting in open-pit coal mine in recent years are systematically summarized,the factors affecting the application of blast casting in open-pit coal mine are analyzed from stripping ratio,stripping step stability,stope rock characteristics and environmental constraints,technical and economic factors and so on,and the applicable conditions of blast casting in the strip link are proposed.Taking Heidaigou Open-pit Coal Mine as an example,the development of blast casting from exploration to application in the coal mine is introduced,and a complete no transportation casting system of blast casting-dragline has been formed through parameter design,prediction and evaluation of blast casting effect,process matching and parameter optimization.The research achievements at home and abroad are summarized from deep-hole blast casting mechanism,optimization of blast casting parameters,projectile blasting stripping technology and mining procedures.The characteristics of blasting stripping technology and its process system are analyzed,considering the shape of the pile after blast casting,effective throw rate,the uncertainty of the development degree of joints and fissures in rock mass,the research and application trend of blast casting technology in open-pit coal mine is put forward.

关 键 词：抛掷爆破 高台阶 倒堆工艺 开采程序 

分 类 号：TD824[矿业工程—煤矿开采]