不同饲料对断奶兔十二指肠、空肠结构和消化酶活性影响  

Effects of Different Diets on Structures and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Duodenum and Jejunum in Weaned Rabbits

作　　者：仲华玲[1] 何丛丛 吴邦元 ZHONG Hualing;HE Congcong;WU Bangyuan(Huai'an Bioengineering Vocational College,Huai'an 223000,Jiangsu China;College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏联合职业技术学院淮安生物工程分院,江苏淮安223000 [2]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637000

出　　处：《饲料博览》2022年第5期1-7,共7页Feed Review

基　　金：西华师范大学英才基金项目(17YC349);西华师范大学创新训练项目(cxcy2021185)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同饲料(苜蓿鲜草和全价颗粒饲料)对兔子十二指肠、空肠结构和消化酶活性的影响,取断奶新西兰兔24只,随机分为2组,分别饲喂苜蓿鲜草和全价颗粒饲料,饲养60 d,试验结束后采样,测量试验兔十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、隐窝深度、肌层厚度,计算绒毛高度/隐窝深度值、绒毛表面积,测定消化酶和纤维素酶活性。结果显示:食草兔(饲喂苜蓿鲜草)十二指肠的绒毛高度显著大于食饲料兔(饲喂全价颗粒饲料)(P<0.05),而隐窝深度则是食饲料兔极显著大于食草兔(P<0.01),两者肌层厚度无显著差异(P>0.05);食草兔空肠的绒毛高度和隐窝深度均显著低于食饲料兔(P<0.05),肌层厚度两者无显著差异(P>0.05);十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度和隐窝深度比值均是食草兔极显著高于食饲料兔(P<0.01);食草兔十二指肠的绒毛表面积极显著高于食饲料兔(P<0.01),而食草兔空肠的绒毛表面积高于食饲料兔,但差异不显著(P>0.05);消化酶和纤维素酶活性也为食草兔高于食饲料兔(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结果表明食草兔的十二指肠、空肠发育以及消化吸收能力和消化酶、纤维素酶活性均显著高于食饲料兔,这可能与两种饲料中的纤维素含量不同有关。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different diets(alfalfa grass and complete pellet feed)on duodenal and jejunal structures and the activities of digestive enzymes,twenty-four weaned New Zealand rabbits were selected and randomly divided into two groups,and they were fed with alfalfa grass and complete pellet feed,respectively,for 60 days.The samples were collected at the end of the study,the villus height,villus width,crypt depth,muscular thickness,and the ratios of villus height/crypt depth and villus surface area,and the digestive enzyme and cellulase activity of the duodenum and jejunum were measured.The results showed that the villus length of duodenum of herbivorous rabbits(feeding alfalfa)was significantly higher than that of forage rabbits(complete pellet feed)(P<0.05),while the crypt depth of forage rabbits was significantly higher than that of herbivorous rabbits(P<0.01),there was no significant difference in muscular thickness between the two groups(P>0.05).The villus length and crypt depth of jejunum in herbivorous rabbits were significantly lower than those of the forage rabbits(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in muscular thickness between the two groups(P>0.05).The ratio of villus length and depth of crypt of duodenum and jejunum in herbivorous rabbits was significantly higher than that in forage rabbits(P<0.01).The villus surface of duodenum in herbivorous rabbits was significantly higher than that in feed rabbits(P<0.01),while the villus surface area of grass-fed rabbits was higher than that of forage-fed rabbits,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The digestive enzyme and cellulase activity were higher in grass-fed rabbits than in forage-fed rabbits(P<0.01 or P<0.05).The results suggested that the development,the digestive and absorption abilities and the digestive enzyme and cellulase activity of duodenum and jejunum of herbivorous rabbits were significantly stronger than those of forage rabbits,the reason for this difference might be related

关 键 词：苜蓿鲜草 全价颗粒饲料 十二指肠 空肠 形态学结构 消化酶 新西兰兔 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]