麦秸秆配施沼液或化肥对梨产量及土壤细菌群落的影响  

Effects of Wheat Straw Combined with Biogas Slurry or Chemical Fertilizer on Pear Fruit Yield and Soil Bacterial Community

作　　者：贾义平 沈俊俊 姚静 刘威 高静 李翠玲 樊祜卿 JIA Yiping;SHEN Junjun;YAO Jing;LIU Wei;GAO Jing;LI Cuiling*;FAN Huqing(Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center in Heze City,Heze 274000,China;Animal Husbandry Working Station in Heze City Key,Heze 274000,China)

机构地区：[1]菏泽市动物疫病预防控制中心,山东菏泽274000 [2]菏泽市畜牧工作站,山东菏泽274000

出　　处：《中国沼气》2022年第5期38-43,共6页China Biogas

摘　　要：为探究麦秸秆配施沼液或化肥对梨生长发育及土壤细菌群落的影响,分析了等量氮素处理下全化肥(CF)、秸秆配施化肥(S-CF)、秸秆配施沼液(S-BS)、全沼液(BS)及不施肥(CK)对梨果产量及土壤细菌群落的影响。结果显示,与CK处理相比,CF处理提高梨果产量最好,其次为S-CF、S-BS处理。S-CF处理土壤细菌Chao1指数和Shannon指数明显高于其他各处理,其次为S-BS,BS处理土壤细菌Chao1指数和Shannon指数最低。主要优势菌纲为变形菌纲,占细菌类群的38.18%~46.45%。与CK处理相比,变形菌纲和拟杆菌纲相对丰度在BS处理最高,厌氧绳菌纲、酸杆菌纲和放线杆菌纲相对丰度在BS处理组最低。秸秆处理降低变形菌纲和拟杆菌纲的相对丰度,提高厌氧绳菌纲、酸杆菌纲和放线杆菌纲相对丰度。结果表明,秸秆配施沼液或化肥不会导致梨果产量降低,还提高土壤细菌群落丰富度和多样性,可为当地梨产业合理施肥提供理论依据。In order to explore the effect of wheat straw combined with biogas slurry or chemical fertilizer on the growth and development of pears and soil bacterial community,the effects of total chemical fertilizer(CF),straw combined with chemical fertilizer(S-CF),straw combined with biogas slurry(S-BS),total biogas slurry(BS)and no fertilizer(CK)under the same amount of nitrogen treatment were analyzed.The results showed that CF treatment had the best effect on improving fruit yield compared with CK treatment,followed by S-CF and S-BS treatments.S-CF treatment soil bacteria Chao1 index.Shannon index were significantly higher than other treatments,followed by S-BS,BS treatment soil bacteria Chao1 index and Shannon index were the lowest.The main dominant bacterial class was Proteobacteria,accounting for 38.18%~46.45%of bacterial taxa.Compared with the CK treatment,the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidia were the highest in the BS treatment,and the relative abundances of the Anaerolineae,Subgroup 6 and Actinobacteria were the lowest in the BS treatment.Straw treatment reduced the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidia,and increased the relative abundances of Anaerobic Anaerolineae,Subgroup 6 and Actinobacteria.The results showed that the application of straw with biogas slurry or chemical fertilizer did not reduce the yield of pear fruit,but increased the richness and diversity of soil bacterial communities.The results can provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization of the local pear industry.

关 键 词：秸秆 沼液肥 梨果产量 细菌群落 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学] X712[农业科学—园艺学]