低温空分系统中压缩余热利用研究进展  

Research Progress on Utilization of Compression Waste Heat in Cryogenic Air Separation System

作　　者：王凯[1,2] 张涵玮 周霞 荣杨一鸣 方松 徐焯人 植晓琴 邱利民[1,2] WANG Kai;ZHANG Hanwei;ZHOU Xia;RONG Yangyiming;FANG Song;XU Zhuoren;ZHI Xiaoqin;QIU Limin(Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;POWERCHINA HUADONG Engineering Corporation Limited,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学制冷与低温研究所,杭州310027 [2]浙江省制冷与低温技术重点实验室,杭州310027 [3]中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,杭州310014

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2022年第10期2580-2593,共14页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52106029);浙江省重点研发计划项目(No.2020C01029)。

摘　　要：低温空分系统是煤化工、冶金和航天等重要领域的关键支撑之一。然而,作为低温空分系统最大的耗能单元,空气压缩机的效率提升已接近瓶颈,压缩能耗居高不下,产生大量低品位、低能量密度的压缩余热,有效利用该部分余热可望成为提升压缩过程能效的重要突破口。本文首先从热力学角度对不同压缩过程进行了分析,总结了空分应用中压缩过程的主要特点,分析了减少压缩能耗的基本方向。在此基础上,对低温空分系统中压缩余热的特殊性进行了总结凝练。最后,立足于直接热利用和能量品位提升两个视角,从相对广义的压缩余热利用逐步聚焦到空分系统内压缩余热利用,综述了国内外的相关研究进展,并展望了空分压缩余热利用的未来研究与应用方向。The cryogenic air separation system is one of the key supports in important fields such as coal chemical industry, metallurgy and aerospace. However, as the largest energy-consuming unit of the cryogenic air separation units, the efficiency improvement of the air compressors is close to the bottleneck and the compression energy consumption remains high, which thus generates a large amount of low-grade, low-energy density compression waste heat. Utilizing this waste heat efficiently is expected to become an important breakthrough in improving the energy efficiency of the compression process. This article first analyzes different compression processes from the perspective of thermodynamics, introduces the main characteristics of compression processes in air separation applications, and analyzes the fundamental directions of reducing the energy consumption of the compression systems. On this basis, the particularity of the compression waste heat in the cryogenic air separation units is summarized. The relevant research progress at home and abroad is then reviewed, from the perspectives of direct heat utilization and energy grade improvement,covering generalized compression waste heat and the specific compression waste heat in the air separation units. The research and application of the utilization of compression heat in air separation applications is finally summarized.

关 键 词：余热回收 低温空分 有机朗肯循环 空气压缩 低品位热能 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]