热管堆中分段式温差发电器的仿真分析  

Numerical Analysis of Segmented Thermoelectric Generator Applied in Heat Pipe Cooled Nuclear Reactor

作　　者：张胤 郭凯伦 王成龙[1] 戴春辉[2] 宋苹 张大林[1] 秋穗正[1] 田文喜[1] 苏光辉[1] ZHANG Yin;GUO Kailun;WANG Chenglong;DAI Chunhui;SONG Ping;ZHANG Dalin;QIU Suizheng;TIAN Wenxi;SU Guanghui(School of Nuclear Science and Technology,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Science and Technology on Thermal Energy and Power Laboratory,Wuhan 2nd Ship Design and Research Institute,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学核科学与技术学院,陕西西安710049 [2]武汉第二船舶设计研究所热能动力技术重点实验室,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2022年第10期2051-2060,共10页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：热能动力技术重点实验室开放基金(TPL2019A02);科技部重点研发计划(2019YFB1901100)。

摘　　要：温差发电器(TEG)是一种能够直接将热能转化为电能的器件设备,因此可在热管堆中将TEG作为能量转换系统。但当热管堆堆芯的平均或最高温度超过1000 K后,TEG的缺陷就会暴露出来。分段式温差发电器(STEG)可解决这一问题。本文在COMSOL软件中搭建了STEG模型,确定了数值模拟方法,并对STEG的几何形状和热电性能进行了优化设计,将热管与STEG组合成单通道模型来进行仿真计算。对STEG进行了稳态的仿真计算,得到STEG的几何优化设计,并探究了热电和热力性能,热电转换效率最高可达15.75%,最大应力约为270 MPa。在单通道模型中,结合STEG的最优几何设计,热电转换效率最高可达15.63%。本文工作可为STEG与热管堆结合的数值模拟提供相应的基础。The power system of heat pipe cooled nuclear reactor can be divided into dynamic conversion system and static conversion system.Thermoelectric generator(TEG)is a typical static conversion device,which can directly convert heat energy into electric energy.The combination of heat pipe cooled nuclear reactor and TEGs can bring many advantages,such as compact structure,high inherent safety,no auxiliary mechanical equipment and low noise.However,the maximum core temperature could exceed 1000 K,and ordinary thermoelectric generators can not operate in such high temperature.To solve this problem,the use of segmented thermoelectric generator(STEG)in the power system of heat pipe cooled nuclear reactor is a method worthy of research.STEG can play an important role in the heat pipe cooled nuclear reactor.But there is not enough literature to study the application of STEG in heat pipe cooled nuclear reactor.STEG usually splices two or three thermoelectric materials with the highest power generation efficiency in different temperature ranges.In this way,STEG can obtain a high thermoelectric conversion efficiency in a wide temperature range(usually above 600 K).Therefore,a kind of STEG for heat pipe cooled nuclear reactor was designed.In this paper,a conceptual design of a heat pipe cooled nuclear reactor with STEGs was proposed.The single STEG and single channel model were explored by COMSOL software.A three-dimensional finite element model of STEG’s performance in heat pipe cooled nuclear reactor was established.STEG was designed to compose of bismuth telluride and skutterudite,and its geometric structure and performances were optimized.Numerical simulation was carried out under steady-state conditions to determine the optimal STEG’s geometry.Then,the optimized STEG was connected with the heat pipe to form a single channel model for simulation to explore its performances.When the temperature difference reaches 550 K,the maximum STEGs’output power reaches 0.374 W,and the maximum conversion efficiency is 15.75%.In singl

关 键 词：热管堆 分段式温差发电器 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TL334[核科学技术—核技术及应用]