碳中和背景下我国清洁能源发展所需矿产资源供需特征  

Supply and demand characteristics of mineral resources required for clean energy development in China under the background of carbon neutralization

作　　者：王宗永 陈睿山 王尧 林文锦 王莹 张悦 Wang Zongyong;Chen Ruishan;Wang Yao;Lin Wenjin;Wang Ying;Zhang Yue(School of Finance,Taxation and Public Administration,Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Collaborative Innovation Research Center for Carbon Neutralization,Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;School of Design,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100032,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州财经大学财税与公共管理学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州财经大学碳中和协同创新研究中心,甘肃兰州730000 [3]上海交通大学设计学院,上海200240 [4]自然资源部国土整治中心,北京100032

出　　处：《地质学刊》2022年第3期305-312,共8页Journal of Geology

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“全面建立资源高效利用制度研究”(20ZDA085);兰州财经大学科研项目“碳中和背景下我国清洁能源发展所需矿产资源供需特征分析”(Lzufe2021C-014);甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目“基于IPCC排放清单的高校碳排放核算与碳中和路径研究——以兰州财经大学为例”。

摘　　要：碳达峰、碳中和迫切需要加大清洁能源供给,而清洁能源发展需要更高的矿产资源消耗强度。分析了镍、铅、铜、锌、铝、铁6种清洁能源所需关键矿产资源的供需特点,结果表明:精炼镍、精炼铜供需缺口较大,次为锌板,年均缺口占年均消费量比例分别为34.23%、30.46%、7.56%;预测未来达到需求峰值时,精炼镍、精炼铜、锌板缺口占需求峰值的比例分别为34%、30%、8%;镍矿、铜矿、铁矿资源的对外依存度较高,铝矿资源对外依存度次之,铅锌矿资源对外依存度较小。随着清洁能源技术对矿产资源的需求增长,针对供需缺口较大、对外依存度较高的矿种,中国需加强国际矿业合作,保障资源供应。Peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality urgently need to increase the supply of clean energy,and the development of clean energy has a higher intensity of mineral resources consumption.The characteristics of supply and demand of 6 kinds of key mineral resources for clean energy including nickel,lead,copper,zinc,aluminum and iron were analyzed.The results showed that,firstly,the gap between supply and demand of refined nickel and refined copper is large,followed by that of zinc plate,and the annual gap account for 34.23%,30.46%and 7.56%of the annual consumption respectively.Secondly,it is predicted that when the demand reaches the peak in the future,the proportion of refined nickel,refined copper and zinc plate gap to the peak demand is 34%,30%and 8%.Thirdly,the external dependency of nickel ore,copper ore and iron ore resources is high,followed by aluminum ore resources,while that of lead and zinc ore resources is low.With the increasing demand for mineral resources required by clean energy technology,China needs to strengthen international mining cooperation to ensure resource supply for minerals with a large gap between supply and demand and high dependence on foreign countries.

关 键 词：碳中和 清洁能源 矿产资源 供需特征 

分 类 号：P962[天文地球—自然地理学]