最低工资标准提升对工资收入的影响——基于CHNS数据的实证研究  

Effects of Minimum Wage Increase on Income——An Empirical Study on CHNS Data

作　　者：魏章进 陈树德[2] WEI Zhang-jin;CHEN Shu-de(Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,510006,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学数学与统计学院,广东广州510006 [2]广东外语外贸大学经济贸易学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《特区经济》2022年第9期91-97,共7页Special Zone Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究新形势下最低工资标准的保障能力与适度性的统计综合评价方法研究项目(16YJA910001);广东外语外贸大学研究生科研创新项目(15GWCXXM—04);广东外语外贸大学师生共研项目“最低工资的适度性研究”(17ss09)等资助。

摘　　要：本文基于中国健康与营养调查数据(CHNS),采用面板数据混合估计方法(OLS)研究了最低工资标准提升对工资收入的影响。研究发现:第一,最低工资标准提升显著提高了总体的工资水平,最低工资标准每提升1%,总体工资水平上涨0.148个百分点;第二,提升最低工资标准对不同工资分布群体具有异质性影响,最低工资对低收入群体的影响要大于高收入群体;第三,最低工资标准对男性、国有部门和高技能群体的收入弹性分别大于女性、非国有部门和低技能群体的收入弹性。一方面,政府要意识到提高最低工资水平对收入分配的积极效果,也要注意对总体工资水平上涨的影响;另一方面,非国有部门政策监管相比于国有部门政府要加大监管力度。此外,在低端劳动力短缺的背景下,无需过度顾虑最低工资的提高会削弱低技能工人的工资水平。Based on the China health and nutrition survey(CHNS),using panel data estimation(OLS)the effect of minimum wage increase on income is studied.The results shows:first,the minimum wage increase has significantly improved the overall wage level,every increase in the minimum wage 1%,overall salary levels risen 0.148%;second,improving the minimum wage have heterogeneity impacts on different groups of wage distribution.The minimum wage has impact on low-income groups than for higher income groups;third,the minimum wage for men,State-owned sector and high-skilled groups has income elasticity respectively than women,the non-State-owned sector and low-skill groups.While Government is aware of the positive effects of the increase in the minimum wage on income distribution,which should also pay attention to the overall effects of rising wages.on the other hand,compared to the non-State-owned sector policy supervision in the State sector supervision of the Government should be increased.In addition,in the context of cases of low-end labor shortages,the government should not excessive concern about raising the minimum wage leading to undermining the wages of low-skilled workers.

关 键 词：最低工资 收入效应 实证研究 准自然实验 

分 类 号：F244.2[经济管理—劳动经济]