减排固碳目标纳入农业绿色发展政策的协同机制  

Synergistic mechanism to incorporate the targets of greenhouse gas emission reduction and carbon sequestration into agricultural green development policies under a carbon-neutral background

作　　者：徐湘博 李静[1] 薛颖昊 孙明星 牛坤玉[4] 金书秦 张林秀[1,2] XU Xiangbo;LI Jing;XUE Yinghao;SUN Mingxing;NIU Kunyu;JIN Shuqin;ZHANG Linxiu(Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;United Nations Environment Programme-International Ecosystem Management Partnership(UNEP-IEMP),Beijing 100101,China;Rural Energy and Environment Agency,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Research Center for Rural Economy,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100810,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]联合国环境规划署国际生态系统管理伙伴计划,北京100101 [3]农业农村部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125 [4]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081 [5]农业农村部农村经济研究中心,北京100810

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第10期2091-2101,共11页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41901255);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28130400,XDA26050202,XDA20010303);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(Y2022ZK03)。

摘　　要：碳达峰、碳中和目标对我国农业绿色发展提出了更高要求,实现农业减排固碳目标与农业绿色发展政策协同发展至关重要。本文综合运用文献归纳、政策文本分析等方法,全面分析梳理了农业温室气体排放核算框架、农业减排固碳措施研究进展,刻画了1978年以来我国与农业减排固碳相关的农业绿色发展政策的演进历程,定性评价了农业绿色发展政策与农业减排固碳目标之间的协同关系,并且以黑土区齐齐哈尔市为研究区模拟了不同农业减排固碳与农业绿色发展政策协同情景下的农业减排固碳演变趋势。结果表明:农业减排固碳目标与大部分现行农业绿色发展政策目标是协同推进的,但在水稻种植、畜禽养殖、秸秆利用、种植结构调整等方面也存在无作用甚至负协同的目标;通过政策目标调整,在不同的农业减排固碳技术组合情景下,黑土区能够促进农业温室气体减排与固碳的脱耦,最终实现减排与固碳的双赢。基于此,提出了重视农业减排固碳在促进“双碳”目标中的基础性作用,统筹将农业减排固碳、促进“双碳”目标纳入政策目标,并理顺二者政策目标关系的对策建议,以期为“双碳”目标下的农业绿色发展政策制定提供参考借鉴。Carbon peak and carbon neutral targets have put forward new objectives for the green development of agriculture in China;therefore,it is very important to achieve synergetic development between agricultural greenhouse gas(GHG)emission reduction,carbon sequestration,and policies for agricultural green development.This study comprehensively analyzed and compared the accounting framework of agricultural GHG emissions and the research progress of the measures of agricultural GHG emission reduction and carbon sequestration by means of literature summaries and policy analysis and described the evolution process of agricultural green development policies related to agricultural GHG emission reduction and carbon sequestration since 1978.The synergistic relationship between agricultural green development policies and agricultural GHG emission reduction and carbon sequestration targets was qualitatively evaluated,and the changing trend of agricultural GHG emission reduction and carbon sequestration under the coordination of different agricultural green development policies was simulated in a black soil area.The results showed that the targets of GHG emission reduction and carbon sequestration in agriculture were coordinated with most of the current targets of agricultural green development policies,but there were some targets that were not included or even negatively coordinated in rice planting,livestock and poultry breeding,straw utilization,and adjustment of planting structure.Through the adjustment of policy objectives,under different combinations of agricultural GHG emission reduction and carbon sequestration technologies in comparison with historical trends,it can promote the decoupling of agricultural GHG emission reduction and carbon sequestration in the black soil region,and finally achieve a win-win situation of agricultural GHG emission reduction and carbon sequestration.Based on these results,several suggestions are proposed,including paying attention to the fundamental role of agricultural GHG emission reducti

关 键 词：农业 绿色发展 政策 温室气体 固碳 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济] X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]