生物炭和碳酸钙粉对高、低镉积累型水稻镉积累及根际微生物群落的影响  

Effects of biochar and calcium carbonate on cadmium accumulation and rhizosphere microbial communities in high-and low-cadmium accumulating rice cultivars

作　　者：唐仲[1] 周明 张隽[1] 赵方杰[1] TANG Zhong;ZHOU Ming;ZHANG Jun;ZHAO Fangjie(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第10期2102-2110,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31972500)。

摘　　要：为研究钝化剂对不同镉(Cd)积累特性水稻品种镉积累的阻控效果,采用盆栽试验,研究了2种钝化剂(生物炭和碳酸钙粉)处理下高、低镉积累水稻镉积累特性,同时考察了2种钝化剂添加对高、低镉积累水稻根际土壤pH、有效态镉含量和细菌群落结构的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,施加碳酸钙能分别提高低镉积累品种和高镉积累品种根际土壤pH 1.91和1.43,土壤有效态Cd含量分别降低了79.2%和65.2%;施加生物炭仅显著提升了低镉积累品种根际土壤pH 0.52,土壤有效态Cd含量降低了27.0%,而对高镉积累品种根际土壤pH和有效态Cd含量无显著影响;与对照相比,碳酸钙处理分别降低了低镉品种91.8%和高镉品种88.1%的籽粒Cd含量,而施加生物炭分别降低了低镉品种50.5%和高镉品种26%的籽粒中Cd含量。对收获期水稻根际微生物群落分析表明,生物炭主要影响根际细菌群落的丰度,而碳酸钙主要影响根际细菌群落多样性。以上结果表明,施用碳酸钙对于高、低镉积累型水稻籽粒镉积累均有较好的阻控效果,生物炭对低镉积累型水稻品种镉积累的阻控效果优于高镉积累型水稻品种,低镉积累水稻品种结合施用碳酸钙粉可在中轻度镉污染酸性土壤上推广应用以保障农产品安全。To study the inhibition effects of passivators on cadmium(Cd)accumulation in rice cultivars with different cadmium accumulation characteristics,pot experiments were performed to investigate the Cd accumulation in high-and low-Cd accumulating rice cultivars treated with two Cd passivators(biochar and calcium carbonate powder).In addition,the effects of passivators on rhizosphere soil pH,available Cd content,and bacterial community structure of high-and low-Cd accumulating rice cultivars were investigated.Compared with the control,the application of calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))could significantly increase the rhizosphere soil pH of the low-and high-Cd accumulating cultivar by 1.91 and 1.43,respectively,while the soil available Cd content decreased by 79.2%and 65.2%,respectively.The application of biochar significantly increased the rhizosphere soil pH of the low-Cd accumulating cultivar by 0.52 and decreased the soil available Cd content by 27%.No significant differences were observed for the rhizosphere soil pH and available Cd content of the high-Cd accumulating cultivar.Compared with the control,CaCO_(3) treatment decreased the Cd content in grains of low-and high-Cd accumulating cultivars by 91.8%and 88.1%,respectively.The application of biochar reduced Cd content in grains of low and high-Cd accumulating cultivars by 50.5%and 26%,respectively.The analysis of microbial community in rice rhizosphere soil at harvest time revealed that biochar mainly affected the abundance of bacterial community,while CaCO_(3) mainly affected the diversity of bacterial community.The collective findings indicate that application of CaCO_(3) was beneficial in decreasing Cd accumulation in both high-and low-Cd accumulating rice cultivars.The effect of biochar on decreasing Cd accumulation in low-Cd accumulating rice cultivars was better than that of in high-Cd accumulating rice cultivars.The combination of low-Cd accumulating rice cultivars and the application of CaCO_(3) can be applied in medium and light Cd polluted acidic soils to

关 键 词：重金属 镉污染 钝化剂 水稻 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]