山地果园“肥水蚓坑”有机肥替代化肥的效应研究  

Study on the effects of organic wastes substituting for chemical fertilizers under the“water-fertilizer-earthworm-pit”mode in mountain orchards

作　　者：王建平 邵发琦 高明霞[4] 孙本华[2,5] 冯浩[4,5,6] WANG Jianping;SHAO Faqi;GAO Mingxia;SUN Benhua;FENG Hao(Bureau of Fruit Industry of Baota District,Yan’an,Shaanxi 716000,China;Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Ankang Municipality Agricultural Science Research Institute,Ankang,Shaanxi 725021,China;College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Region of China,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省延安市宝塔区果业局,陕西延安716000 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院/农业农村部西北旱地农业绿色低碳重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]安康市农业科学研究院,陕西安康725021 [4]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [5]西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌712100 [6]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《落叶果树》2022年第5期10-15,共6页Deciduous Fruits

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900700);高等学校学科创新引智计划(B12007)。

摘　　要：陕北黄土高原丘陵沟壑区是山地苹果重要产区,试验以“肥水蚓坑”措施为基础,施入有机废弃物菌渣每株100 kg替代部分化肥,分别替代了氮41.4%、磷34.0%、钾51.4%,探讨了这种有机替代技术对山地果园土壤和果树生产的效应。结果表明,相比于“肥水蚓坑”单施化肥,有机肥替代技术可以减少化肥施用,提高土壤肥力和保水性能,保证苹果产量和提高品质,是一种优化的集水和施肥技术措施,值得在黄土高原丘陵沟壑区山地苹果园推广应用。The hilly and gully area in northern Shaanxi is a major production area for mountain apples on the Loess Plateau.The effects of organic wastes substituting for partial chemical fertilizers on soil and apple production were explored based on the“water-fertilizer-earthworm-pit”mode in mountain apple orchards.The results showed that the water-fertilizer-earthworm-pit measure combined with substitution of organic waste for partial chemical fertilizers could reduce the application of chemical fertilizer,improve soil fertility and water retention,ensure yield and improve the quality of apple compared with only chemical fertilizer application.It is a kind of optimal measure of rainwater collection and fertilization technology that is worthy to be applied and extended in mountain apple orchards in hilly and gully area of Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：山地苹果 肥水蚓坑 有机替代 土壤 产量和品质 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]