绵阳市60岁及以上老年人高血压现状及影响因素分析  

Status and Influencing Factors of Hypertension in the Elderly Aged 60 and Above in Mianyang

作　　者：刘嘉琳 郭洪菊[2] 王琴 陈梓萱 余雨珂 刘秀秀 袁萍[1] LIU Jialin;GUO Hongju;WANG Qin;CHEN Zixuan;YU Yuke;LIU Xiuxiu;YUAN Ping(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Institute for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention,Mianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Mianyang,Sichuan 621050,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院流行病与卫生统计学系,成都610041 [2]绵阳市疾病预防控制中心慢性病预防控制所,四川绵阳621050

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》2022年第5期802-808,共7页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10715003)。

摘　　要：目的了解四川省绵阳市60岁及以上老年人群的高血压患病现状,分析相关影响因素,为针对性地预防和控制高血压提供线索。方法对2017年10月至2019年4月绵阳市示范点筛查的115775名60岁及以上常住居民进行问卷调查和体格检查,收集个人基本资料、生活方式、身高、体重、腰围和血压等资料。采用SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行描述性分析、单因素分析和Logistic回归分析。结果绵阳市60岁及以上老年人群高血压患病率为50.60%,男性和女性高血压患病率分别为50.27%和50.85%,且随着年龄的增长,高血压患病率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=370.199,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄70~79岁(OR=1.327,95%CI=1.292~1.363,P<0.001)、80岁及以上(OR=1.455,95%CI=1.386~1.527,P<0.001)、丧偶(OR=1.343,95%CI=1.296~1.392,P<0.001)、离婚(OR=1.255,95%CI=1.033~1.525,P=0.022)、超重(OR=1.431,95%CI=1.391~1.473,P<0.001)、肥胖(OR=2.171,95%CI=2.076~2.270,P<0.001)、腰围身高比值>0.5(OR=1.317,95%CI=1.281~1.354,P<0.001)以及有糖尿病史(OR=1.865,95%CI=1.791~1.941,P<0.001)、吸烟史(OR=1.107,95%CI=1.068~1.148,P<0.001)和饮酒史(OR=1.950,95%CI=1.894~2.009,P<0.001)为高血压的独立危险因素;目前居住区域为城乡结合部(OR=0.628,95%CI=0.594~0.664,P<0.001)、初中及以上文化程度(OR=0.942,95%CI=0.912~0.974,P<0.001)、低体重(OR=0.785,95%CI=0.742~0.830,P<0.001)为高血压的保护因素。结论超过半数的绵阳市60岁及以上老年人患有高血压,具有高龄、丧偶、离婚、超重、肥胖、腰围身高比值>0.5、糖尿病史、吸烟史和饮酒史的老年人是高血压的高危人群。Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension among the elderly aged 60 years and above in Mianyang City,Sichuan Province,so as to provide clues for targeted prevention and control of hypertension.Methods A total of 115775 permanent residents aged 60 and above screened out from Mianyang demonstration sites from October 2017 to April 2019 were investigated by questionnaire and physical examination,and the data of personal basic information,lifestyle,body height,body weight,waist circumference,and blood pressure were collected.SPSS 22.0 was used for descriptive analysis,single factor analysis,and Logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence rate of hypertension in the elderly aged 60 years and above in Mianyang was 50.60%.Specifically,the prevalence rates of hypertension in men and women were 50.27%and 50.85%,respectively.The prevalence rate of hypertension increased with the increase in age(χ^(2)_(Trend)=370.199,P<0001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of hypertension included age of 70-79 years(OR=1.327,95%CI=1.292-1.363,P<0.001),the age of 80 years and above(OR=1.455,95%CI=1.386-1.527,P<0.001),widowhood(OR=1.343,95%CI=1.296-1.392,P<0.001),divorce(OR=1.255,95%CI=1.033-1.525,P=0.022),overweight(OR=1.431,95%CI=1.391-1.473,P<0.001),obesity(OR=2.171,95%CI=2.076-2.270,P<0.001),waist-to-height ratio>0.5(OR=1.317,95%CI=1.281-1.354,P<0.001),history of diabetes(OR=1.865,95%CI=1.791-1.941,P<0.001),history of smoking(OR=1.107,95%CI=1.068-1.148,P<0.001),and history of drinking(OR=1.950,95%CI=1.894-2.009,P<0.001).Living in urban-rural fringe areas(OR=0.628,95%CI=0.594-0.664,P<0.001),education background of junior high school and above(OR=0.942,95%CI=0.912-0.974,P<0.001),and low body weight(OR=0.785,95%CI=0.742-0.830,P<0.001)were protective factors for hypertension.Conclusions More than 50%of the elderly aged 60 years and above in Mianyang suffer from hypertension.The elderly with advanced age,widowhood,divorce,overweight,obesity,waist-t

关 键 词：老年人群 高血压 影响因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]