林窗改造对马尾松人工林土壤动物群落结构的影响  

Effects of Gap Modification on Community Structure of Soil Fauna in Pinus massoniana Plantation

作　　者：高雅荣 蒋罗 罗熳丽 鲁琴琴 张庭昊[6] 肖玖金 张健 GAO Yarong;JIANG Luo;LUO Manli;LU Qinqin;ZHANG Tinghao;XIAO Jiujin;ZHANG Jian(Forestry Ecological Engineering of in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 611130,China;National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River and Rainy,Chengdu 611130,China;Long Term Research Base of Plantation Ecosystem in Yuping District of West China,Chengdu 611130,China;Pengzhou Planning and Natural Resources Bureau,Pengzhou 611930,Sichuan,China;Quxian Natural Resources Bureau,Quxian 635200,Sichuan,China;Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,成都611130 [2]长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室,成都611130 [3]华西雨屏区人工林生态系统研究长期科研基地,成都611130 [4]彭州市规划和自然资源局,四川彭州611930 [5]渠县自然资源局,四川渠县635200 [6]成都市农林科学院,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2022年第5期782-791,共10页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2022NSFSC0084);四川省科技计划项目(2019YJ0427);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(31400457)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解马尾松(Pinus massoniana)纯林林窗改造并补植油樟(Cinnamomum camphora)后土壤动物群落结构变化特征。【方法】人为采伐形成3种不同面积大小的林窗(小型林窗:100~225 m^(2),中型林窗:625~900 m^(2),大型林窗:1 225~1 600 m^(2)),以马尾松纯林为对照,采用干/湿生漏斗对中小型土壤动物进行分离鉴定,研究土壤动物群落特征。【结果】结果显示:试验共采集到土壤动物2 518头,分属3门12纲30目,以线虫纲为优势类群,其个体数占比为50.37%;大型林窗内土壤动物平均密度最高,中型林窗类群数最高;土壤动物群落垂直分布表现出明显的表聚性特征。马尾松纯林土壤动物的多样性指数和均匀度指数最高,优势度指数最低。土壤动物平均密度以杂食性占比较大,各样地数量占比在42.69%~65.72%之间;土壤动物功能群的类群数排序为腐食性>植食性>菌食性>捕食性>杂食性。【结论】林窗改造导致林下土壤动物群落发生变化,中等面积林窗(625~900 m^(2))促进了土壤动物群落的发展。[Objective] This paper aims to investigate the changes of soil fauna community structure in a pure Pinus massoniana forest after forest gap transformation and Cinnamomum camphora replanting.[Method] This study analyzed three gaps of different area sizes formed through artificial logging(small gap:100-225 m^(2),medium gap:625-900 m^(2),large gap:1 225-1 600 m^(2)),compared with pure stand of Pinus massoniana, the dry/wet born from funnel of small and medium-sized soil animals and explored the characteristics of soil animal community.[Result] The results showed that a total of 2 518 soil faunal belonging to 3 phyla,12 classes and 30 orders were collected,the dominant group of soil fauna was Nematode,accounting for 50.37 % of the total density.The average density of soil fauna in large gaps was the highest,and the number of soil fauna in medium gaps was the highest.The vertical distribution of soil animal community showed obvious characteristics of surface aggregation.The diversity index and evenness index of soil fauna in pure forest were the highest, while the dominance index was the lowest.The average density of soil fauna was mainly omnivorous, and the number of soil fauna varied from 42.67% to65.72%.The number of functional groups of soil animals was saprophytic & GT.Plant diets & gt;Bacteria feeding & gt;predatory & gt;Omnivorous.[Conclusion] The change of soil fauna community under the forest are the results from forest gap reconstruction, the development of soil fauna community is promoted by medium gap area(625-900 m^(2)).

关 键 词：马尾松人工林 中小型土壤动物 林窗 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]