霍普金森杆在电火花气泡脉动载荷测量中的应用  

Application of a Hopkinson bar in the measurement of electric spark bubble pulsating load

作　　者：马春龙 史冬岩[1] 何东泽 王孟楠 崔雄伟 姜宇[2] MA Chunlong;SHI Dongyan;HE Dongze;WANG Mengnan;CUI Xiongwei;JIANG Yu(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150056,China;Harbin Vocational&Technical College,Harbin 150076,China;College of Shipbuilding Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150056,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学机电工程学院,哈尔滨150056 [2]哈尔滨职业技术学院,哈尔滨150076 [3]哈尔滨工程大学船舶工程学院,哈尔滨150056

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第20期28-36,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12172100)。

摘　　要：电火花气泡是研究水下爆炸气泡的一种常用手段。高压电放电、起爆瞬间会产生极强的电干扰性。所以在使用压电型压力传感器测量极近场电火花气泡脉动载荷时,测得的“压力–时间”曲线有时会出现“零飘”、“紊乱”、“失真”等现象。目前,极近场条件下对电火花气泡脉动载荷特性的研究较少。霍普金森杆基于应力波传递原理,利用其上的半导体应变片将应变信号转化为压力信号,能很好地解决电干扰的问题。该研究利用受国内外认可的CY-YD-205系列传感器在相同工况下验证了霍普金森杆对极近场电火花气泡脉动载荷的测量效果。同时,该研究采用400 V高压电放电形成的电火花气泡研究了半球边界条件下电火花气泡脉动载荷特性。从试验结果可知,该研究提出的试验系统可以成功地测量电火花气泡脉动载荷,包括极近场情况。研究结果可为复杂边界条件下近场水下爆炸气泡脉动载荷提供新的有效测量方法。Electric spark bubbles are a common method for studying underwater explosion bubbles.High voltage discharge and detonation will produce extremely strong electrical interference at the moment.Therefore,when a piezoelectric pressure sensor is used to measure the pulsating load of a very near-field electric spark bubble,the measured“pressure-time”curve sometimes shows“zero drift”,“disorder”,“distortion”,and other phenomena.At present,there are few studies on the characteristics of electric spark bubble pulsation load under very near field conditions.The Hopkinson bar is based on the principle of stress wave transfer,using the semiconductor strain gauge on it to convert the strain signal into a pressure signal,which can well solve the problem of electrical interference.This study uses the domestically and internationally recognized CY-YD-205 series sensors to verify the measurement effect of the Hopkinson bar on the extremely near-field spark bubble pulsation load under the same working conditions.At the same time,the spark bubbles formed by 400 V high voltage electric discharge was used to study the pulsating load characteristics of spark bubbles under hemispherical boundary conditions.It can be seen from the experimental results that the experimental system proposed in this paper can successfully measure the pulsation load of spark bubbles,including very near-field conditions.This paper provides a new effective measurement method for studying the bubble pulsation load of near-field underwater explosions under complex boundary conditions.

关 键 词：电火花气泡 气泡脉动载荷 霍普金森杆 压力传感器 

分 类 号：TV36[水利工程—水工结构工程]