考虑产品型号的作业车间调度  

Job Shop Scheduling Problem Considering Product Type

作　　者：郝慧敏 孙国华[2] 王改丽 HAO Huimin;SUN Guohua;WANG Gaili(School of Economics and Management,Xin Jiang Institute of Engineering,Urumqi 830000 China;School of Management Science and Engineering,Shan Dong University of Finance and Economics,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆工程学院经济管理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]山东财经大学管理科学与工程学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《轻工机械》2022年第5期98-104,共7页Light Industry Machinery

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021MG053)。

摘　　要：为降低生产成本、缩短产品生产周期和均衡设备的利用率,课题组提出考虑产品型号的作业车间调度方案。基于产品型号构建单件产品最大加工时间最少、所有产品总加工时间最短的多目标数学规划模型,设计了2层遗传算法求解各种型号产品每道工序加工设备的选择方案。在遗传算法设计过程中,为简化染色体的编码,采用以工序数和产品型号数为基础的编码方式,避免染色体的基因个数随着产品数量成倍增长;另外,交叉操作考虑了染色体基因数量较多的因素而采用分段多点交叉,确保算法的收敛速度。最后通过具体案例对模型的可行性和算法的有效性进行了验证,并结合企业实际的生产计划设计出加班次数最少的调度方案。结果表明提出的方法能够缩短产品的生产周期,从而降低企业的生产成本。In order to reduce production cost, shorten product production cycle and balance equipment utilization rate, a job shop scheduling method considering product types was proposed. Firstly, a multi-objective mathematical programming model with the minimum maximum processing time of a single product and the minimum total processing time of all products was constructed based on the product type, and a two-layer genetic algorithm was designed to solve the scheme of selecting processing equipment for each process of each product. In the process of genetic algorithm design, in order to simplify the coding of chromosomes, the coding method based on the number of processes and the number of product types was adopted to avoid the number of chromosome genes increasing exponentially with the number of products. In addition, considering the factor of the large number of chromosome genes, and the segmented multi-point crossover was adopted to ensure the convergence speed of the algorithm. Finally, the feasibility of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm were verified through specific cases, and the scheduling plan with the least number of overtime was designed by combining with the actual production plan of the enterprise. The results show that the proposed method can shorten the production cycle and reduce the production cost of the enterprise.

关 键 词：车间调度 产品型号 遗传算法 染色体基因 分段多点交叉 

分 类 号：TP301[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]