凹凸棒黏土对镉胁迫下菠菜光合作用和品质的影响  被引量:4

Effects of attapulgite clay on photosynthesis and quality of spinach under cadmium stress

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作  者:时建业 张辉 李怡雪 李霞[2] 缑兆辉 张国斌 SHI Jianye;ZHANG Hui;LI Yixue;LI Xia;GOU Zhaohui;ZHANG Guobin(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Geological Natu‐ral Disaster Prevention,Gansu Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区:[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省科学院地质自然灾害防治研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出  处:《甘肃农业大学学报》2022年第4期75-83,共9页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基  金:甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-45);中央引导地方科技发展专项(701-04121160);甘肃省现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目(GARS-GC-2)。

摘  要:【目的】明确凹凸棒黏土对菠菜幼苗镉胁迫的缓解机制。【方法】以菠菜品种火星为试验材料,在基质中添加不同质量比(5%、10%、15%、20%、25%)的凹凸棒黏土,研究凹凸棒黏土对镉胁迫(40μmol/L)下菠菜幼苗光合作用和品质的影响。【结果】镉胁迫下菠菜幼苗的生长受到抑制,功能叶片光合色素含量、净光合速率、PSⅡ最大光能转化率、营养品质均降低,而镉积累增加。添加不同质量比的凹凸棒黏土后,菠菜光合色素含量、实际光化学效率Y(Ⅱ)、PSⅡ最大光能转化率(F_(v)/F_(m))、化学淬灭系数(qP)、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs),以及可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和VC含量升高,而胞间二氧化碳浓度(C_(i))、非化学猝灭系数(NPQ),以及硝酸盐和镉含量下降。当凹凸棒黏土添加质量比为15%时缓解效果最佳,菠菜叶片叶绿素含量、实际光化学效率、净光合速率,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和VC含量分别上升51.67%、9.09%、69.12%、35%、42.22%、59.23%,硝酸盐含量、镉浓度和富集系数分别下降60.89%、29.03%、40.3%,镉趋向于土壤固定和根系富集。【结论】凹凸棒黏土有效地缓解了镉对菠菜幼苗生长的抑制作用,增强了菠菜的耐镉性。【Objective】The study was conducted to clarify the mechanism by which attapulgite clay alleviates the effect of cadmium stress on spinach seedlings.【Method】The spinach cultivar‘Mars’ was employed as the materials to explore the effects of the different mass-ratio attapulgite clay(i. e.,5%,10%,15%, 20%, 25%) on photosynthesis and quality of spinach seedlings under cadmium stress(40 μmol/L).【Result】Under cadmium stress,the growth of spinach seedlings was inhibited, and the photosynthetic pigment content, net photosynthetic rate, PSII maximum light energy conversion rate and nutritional quality of functional leaves decreased,while the cadmium accumulation increased. The photosynthetic pigment content, actual photochemical efficiency Y(Ⅱ),PSⅡ maximum light energy conversion rate(Fv/Fm),chemical quenching coefficient(qP),net photosynthetic rate(Pn), transpiration rate(Tr), stomatal conductance(Gs),and soluble sugar,soluble protein and VC content of spinach increased, while intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci), non-chemical quenching coefficient(NPQ),and nitrate and cadmium content decreased after adding different mass-ratio attapulgite clay. The mitigation effectiveness was optimal when the mass ratio of attapulgite clay was at 15%(i. e.,T3), and the chlorophyll content,Y(II),net photosynthetic rate,soluble sugar,soluble protein and VC content in spinach leaves increased by 51. 67%,9. 09 %, 69. 12 %,35%,42. 22% and 59. 23%,respectively. The nitrate content, cadmium concentration and enrichment coefficient decreased by 60. 89%, 29. 03% and 40. 3%,respectively. Cadmium tended to be fixed in soil and enriched in roots.【Conclusion】Attapulgite clay effectively alleviated the inhibition of cadmium to the growth of spinach seedlings, and enhanced the tolerance of spinach to cadmium.

关 键 词:菠菜 凹凸棒黏土 镉胁迫 光合作用 品质 

分 类 号:S636.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]

 

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