消防服装表面污渍洗净率影响因素分析  

Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Washing Rate of the Surface Stains on Fire-fighting Clothing

作　　者：韦玉辉 苏兆伟 黄天赐[1] 佘敏楚楚 郑晨 WEI Yu-hui;SU Zhao-wei;HUANG Tian-ci;SHEMIN Chu-chu;ZHENG Chen(College of Textile and Clothing,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu Anhui 241000,China;Shanghai Fire Research Institute of MEM,Shanghai 200032,China;High Fashion Womenswear Institute,Hangzhou vocational technical college,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学纺织服装学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]应急管理部上海消防研究所,上海200032 [3]杭州职业技术学院达利女装学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《武汉纺织大学学报》2022年第5期58-63,共6页Journal of Wuhan Textile University

基　　金：消防应急救援装备应急管理部重点实验室开放课题(2020XFZB09);安徽省纺织工程技术研究中心和“纺织面料”安徽省高校重点实验室2021年度联合开放基金(2021AETKL20);安徽工程大学校级科研项目(Xjky03201908);安徽省高等学校自然科学研究项目(KJ2020A0352);2021年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110363229);2022年安徽工程大学科研项目制促进纺织服装类本科拔尖人才培养(FFBK202202);2021年安徽工程大学校大学生科研项目(2021DZ13)。

摘　　要：为解决因洗消不当造成的消防服装使用寿命缩短和资源浪费等问题,本文系统探究洗消方式、洗涤剂种类、洗涤剂用量、洗消参数(洗消时间、洗消转速、漂洗次数、洗涤剂用量、水温、浴比)对消防服装表面常见污渍种类(泥渍、油渍、汗渍)清洗效果的影响。研究发现:有机械搅拌作用的洗消方式(滚筒洗消、机械搅拌+微纳米气泡、机械搅拌+超声波)洗净率显著高于无机械搅拌作用的洗消方式(微纳米气泡、超声波)(P<0.01),说明洗消方式显著影响消防服装表面污渍洗净率;油渍洗消时,碱性洗涤剂的洗消效果明显优于弱酸性和中性洗涤剂的洗消效果(P<0.01),而泥渍和汗渍与洗涤剂种类关系不明显(P>0.05),说明不同洗涤剂的洗消效果与被洗消污渍的自身性能关系密切;油渍洗消中,洗消效果随着洗涤剂用量呈现先增加后稳定趋势,泥渍和汗渍的洗消效果与洗涤剂用量差异不大(P>0.05);洗消参数对不同污渍洗净率影响不同,其中泥渍与洗消参数中主洗转速、主洗浴比、主洗时间关系显著,油渍与洗消参数中的主洗水温、主洗转速关系显著,汗渍与洗消参数的关系不大(P>0.05)。研究结果可为消防洗消装备厂家研发适合不同污渍的洗消程序提供理论支撑,为吸附不同污渍的消防装备的正确洗消提供技术参考,也拓宽了消防服装污渍洗消理论。In order to solve the problems of shortening the service life and wasting resources of fire-fighting clothing caused by improper washing and elimination, the effects of washing methods, kinds of detergents, dosage of detergents, washing parameters(washing time,washing rotation speed, rinsing times, water temperature, bath ratio) on the washing rate of common kinds of stains(mud, oil and sweat stains) on the surface stains of fire-fighting clothing were systematically investigated. The results showed that: The washing rate of the washing method with mechanical stirring(Drum washing, mechanical stirring + Micro/nano bubble, mechanical stirring + ultrasonic)was significantly higher than that without mechanical stirring(Micro/nano bubble, ultrasonic)(p < 0.01);The cleaning rate of alkaline detergent was better than that of weak acid detergent and neutral detergent(p < 0.01);However, there was no significant relationship between the types of detergents(p > 0.05), indicating that the effect of different detergents was closely related to the properties of the detergents, with the increase of the amount of detergent, the washing rate of mud stains and sweat stains was not significantly different from that of detergent(p > 0.05);and the washing parameters had different effects on the washing rate of different stains;the relation between mud stain and main washing speed, main washing bath ratio and main washing time was significant, the relation between oil stain and main washing water temperature and main washing speed was significant, and the relation between sweat stain and washing parameters was not significant(p > 0.05). The research results provided theoretical support for the fire equipment manufacturers to develop washing-care procedures of being suitable for different stains, and provided technical reference for the correct washing-care of stained clothing, also broadens the theory of stain-washing.

关 键 词：消防服装 表面污渍 吸附脱附 洗净率 

分 类 号：TS941.731[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]