幼龄反刍动物瘤胃微生物定植及其营养调控研究进展  

Research Progress on Rumen Microbial Colonization and Nutritional Regulation of Young Ruminants

作　　者：赵旭 凌玉钊 王建华 魏凌云 焦金真[2] 贺志雄[2] ZHAO Xu;LING Yuzhao;WANG Jianhua;WEI Lingyun;JIAO Jinzhen;HE Zhixiong(School of Environment Ecology and Biological Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology,The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学环境生态与生物工程学院,武汉430205 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125 [3]农业农村部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2022年第10期3296-3304,共9页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32072760);湖北省教育厅科研项目(B2020051);武汉工程大学研究生教育创新基金项目(CX2020343)。

摘　　要：生命早期消化道中的微生物定植可影响动物机体,且具有长期健康效应,详细了解早期瘤胃微生物的定植状况对动物健康及生长发育有重要意义。反刍动物自出生后开始与外界微生物接触,其瘤胃微生物菌群结构发生剧烈变化,且易受动物日龄、品种以及饮食结构的影响。反刍动物瘤胃含有复杂的微生物菌群,主要由厌氧细菌、古生菌、真菌和原虫构成。本文综述了反刍动物幼龄阶段瘤胃细菌、古生菌、真菌和原虫的定植组成及其变化,同时阐述了饲粮组成和饲料添加剂对幼龄反刍动物瘤胃微生物菌群的影响,旨在为幼龄反刍动物实现分阶段的营养调控提供理论基础。Microbial colonization in the digestive tract in early life can affect the animal body and have long-term health effects.A detailed understanding of the colonization of early rumen microorganisms is of great significance to animal health,growth and development.After birth,ruminants begin to contact with external microorganisms,and their rumen microbial flora structure changes dramatically,which is easily affected by animal age,species and dietary structure.Rumen contains complex microbial flora,which is mainly composed of anaerobic bacteria,archaea,fungi and protozoa.The present article reviews the colonization composition and changes of rumen bacteria,archaea,fungi and protozoa in young ruminants,and expounds the effects of feed composition and feed additives on the rumen microbiota of young ruminants,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the phased nutritional regulation of young ruminants.

关 键 词：幼龄反刍动物 微生物定植 饲粮 营养调控 饲料添加剂 

分 类 号：S815.7[农业科学—畜牧学]