法国东印度公司的组建及对华贸易特权的转让  

The Establishment of the French East India Company and the Transfer of Trade Privileges with China

作　　者：严锴 严昌洪[2] YAN Kai;YAN Changhong

机构地区：[1]武昌首义学院马克思主义学院,430064 [2]华中师范大学历史文化学院,430079

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2022年第3期75-83,202,共10页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“黄遵宪南洋文学活动研究”(19BZW160)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：17世纪初,英国、荷兰、丹麦、葡萄牙相继成立东印度公司,大力拓展在亚洲的政治与经济利益。面对海外扩张的不利局面,法国也于1664年组建了东印度公司,意欲在马达加斯加、印度及中国等地通过贸易活动集敛财富,与列强展开竞争,扩大其在亚洲的影响力。该公司是法国发展远洋贸易、扩张殖民地和打造海上强权的工具,得到了王权的积极扶植。虽然在印度的贸易得以开展,但公司却在荷兰的打击和债务的重压下无力再向东远行一步,被迫将对华贸易特权转让给私商经营,由此拉开了中法贸易的序幕。At the beginning of the T/th century,Great Britain,Netherlands,Denmark,and Portugal successively established the East India Company to vigorously expand their political and economic benefits in the East.Facing the unfavorable situation of overseas expansion,France also established the East India Company in 1664,intending to amass wealth through trade activities in Madagascar,India and China,compete with other powerful nations,and expand its influence in Asia.The company was a tool for France to develop ocean trade,expand colonies and build maritime power,and had been actively supported by the royal power.While the trade in India developed,the company was unable to travel further eastward with a heavy debt and under the attack of the Netherlands.It was forced to transfer its trade privileges with China to a private merchant,thus opening the prelude to the Sino-French trade.

关 键 词：法国 东印度公司 贸易 垄断特权 

分 类 号：K565.3[历史地理—历史学] F752.7[历史地理—世界史] F755.65[经济管理—国际贸易]