美国新区域主义的兴起及其经济取向  

The Rise of American New Regionalism and Its Economic Orientation

作　　者：孙群郎[1] 张旭慧 SUN Qunlang;ZHANG Xyuhui

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院,321004

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2022年第3期121-130,204,共11页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(19YJA770013);国家社科基金项目“美国城市发展与环境治理研究”(20BS S037)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：20世纪90年代,美国兴起了新区域主义,所谓“新”是相对于传统区域主义而言的。20世纪初到60年代的传统区域主义强调集权主义的结构性改革,遭到了郊区地方政府的坚决反对,因此改革成功者寥寥无几。与此同时,传统区域主义理论也遭到了公共选择学派的猛烈抨击,区域主义改革到七八十年代进入低潮时期。但是公共选择理论及其治理活动不但没有解决任何区域问题,反而使其更加恶化,而且随着经济全球化和国际竞争的加剧,美国大都市区面临着严峻的挑战,于是90年代区域主义再度兴起,即新区域主义。新区域主义的显著特点是避免传统区域主义的结构性改革,而注重跨部门的志愿性的网络化的治理过程。但新区域主义过于强调经济取向,而对社会公平问题疏于关切,反映了中产阶级价值取向的滑坡。In the 1990 s,new regionalism emerged in the United States,as opposed to traditional regionalism.Traditional regionalism from the early 20 th century to the 1960 s emphasized centralist structural reforms,and as a result was strongly opposed by suburban governments,so that few reforms succeeded.At the same time,traditional regionalism was blasted by the Public Choice Theory.Consequently,it entered a downturn in the 1970 s and 1980 s.Instead of solving any regional problems,however,the Public Choice Theory and its implementation worsened them.As economic globalization and international competition intensified,metropolitan areas faced serious challenges,leading to the resurgence of regionalism in the1990 s,which was named"new regionalism".The new regionalism avoided the structural reforms of traditional regionalism while focused on a cross-departmental,voluntary,and networking governance.But it overemphasized the economic orientation and neglected social equity issues,which downplayed the importance of the middle-class.

关 键 词：新区域主义 大都市区域 历史分期 特点 经济取向 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学] F171.2[政治法律—中外政治制度]