希罗多德的建城探究与历史书写:以昔兰尼建城为例  

Herodotus’Demonstration of Inquiry and Historiography:the Case of Cyrene’Ktisis

作　　者：白珊珊 BAI Shanshan

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系,200433

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2022年第3期148-156,165,共10页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：在《历史》第4卷中,希罗多德作为昔兰尼建城的探究者,重塑了锡拉和昔兰尼两种地方性传统,来揭示多利斯族群的分化与流动。他突出建城过程中的神谕,隐藏建城原因,以展示建城功业的伟大之处。希罗多德的建城史在创作意图、叙述层次、文法特征和时间次序等方面不同于品达在第四、五首《皮托凯歌》和卡里马库斯在《致阿波罗颂诗》中对建城活动的呈现。作为一位富有批判精神和劝诫动机的探究者,希罗多德更关注建城者历经的苦难和多利斯族群文化的多样性,力图保存人类的功业而非讲述神事。Cyrene’s ktisis(foundation of a city)in the Libyan Logos of Herodotus Histories has been widely used to reconstruct the colonization of the Greeks,and it has been analyzed from the perspective of colonization,narrative tradition,historiography,etc.This paper provides a reading of Cyrene’s ktisis and accentuates the significance of understanding the"history of foundation"as a genre of historiography.This paper analyzes the ways through which Herodotus’histories apodexis(demonstration of inquiry)was conducted in order to achieve the essential objective in his Histories,i.e.,to record the human achievement due to the fact that the glory and prosperity will not remain forever at one place.By means of comparing the narrative of Herodotus with the related narrations in Pythian odes 4 and 5 of Pindar and The Hymn to Apollo of Callimachus,and investigating the inherited genealogical and oral traditions in Herodotus’historiography,I argue that Herodotus works as both a critical inquirer and a didactic narrator rather than a story-teller in writing the history of foundation.

关 键 词：昔兰尼 历史书写 希罗多德 品达 卡里马库斯 

分 类 号：K095.45[历史地理—历史学]