南海环流多尺度动力过程演变特征与机制研究进展  

Progress in the Dynamic Process and Mechanisms of Multi-Scale Currents in the South China Sea

作　　者：王东晓 邱春华 舒业强[3] 王强[3] 俎婷婷[3] 梁长荣 李明婷 张志鹏 张小波 WANG Dong-xiao;QIU Chun-hua;SHU Ye-qiang;WANG Qiang;ZU Ting-ting;LIANG Chang-rong;LI Ming-ting;ZHANG Zhi-peng;ZHANG Xiao-bo(School of Marine Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519082,China;State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学海洋科学学院,广东珠海519082 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东珠海519082 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2022年第4期605-623,共19页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)创新团队建设项目(311020004);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目——南海西边界流多时间尺度变化规律及其动力机制(2022A1515011863)。

摘　　要：作为西太平洋最大的边缘热带海盆,南海具有季节性海盆尺度风生环流特性,具有越东偶极子、南海西边界流、黑潮入侵分支等主流系(空间尺度>100 km),也具有丰富的中尺度涡旋、锋面、上升流等中尺度过程(空间尺度约为O(10~100 km))和活跃的亚中尺度过程(O(1~10 km))等,而这些多尺度运动之间的能量转化是全球海洋能量循环的主要组成部分。本文主要概述了南海贯穿流特征、南海陆架陆坡流和西边界流特征、主流系对中尺度涡旋的影响、(亚)中尺度对湍流混合的影响四个方面取得的研究进展。目前的研究已发现主流系主要通过斜压不稳定将能量传递给中尺度过程,中尺度涡旋能量主要通过正压不稳定、剪切不稳定等过程将能量传递给小尺度过程。但是,多尺度运动之间能量传递过程的观测、南海中小尺度过程的能量逆级串过程及其对局地天气与气候的影响仍需进一步研究。South China Sea(SCS)is one of the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific Ocean.SCS large-scale currents(O(100 km))include seasonal wind-driven basin-scale currents,Kuroshio branches,SCS western boundary currents,and so on.Mesoscale process(O(10—100 km))in terms of eddies,fronts,upwelling and submesoscale process(O(1—10 km))are also active in SCS.The energy transformation among above multi-scale process plays vital roles in global oceanic energy balance.Some achievements are on the dynamic characteristics of SCS throughflow,continental shelf and slope currents,SCS western boundary current,the impact of SCS western boundary current on mesoscale eddies,and the influence of mesoscale eddies on turbulence,etc.Forward energy cascade process has been revealed that the SCS western boundary current releases its energy to mesoscale eddies via baroclinic instability,while the mesoscale eddies cascade energy to submesoscale process or smaller scale process through barotropic instability,in terms of shear instability.The issues of advanced observation of the energy transformation process among multi-scale motions,inverse energy cascade from small scale process to(sub)mesoscale process,and the contributions of submesoscale process to the SCS weather and climate remain unclear and merits near future study.

关 键 词：南海 多尺度动力过程 能量传递 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]