黄土丘陵区沟沿线不同微地形植物群落特征  

Plant community characteristics of different micro-topography along the shoulder line in loess hilly-gullied region

作　　者：陈佳敏 王宁 赵富王 何欣月 CHEN Jiamin;WANG Ning;ZHAO Fuwang;HE Xinyue(National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Geography Science,College of Tourism and Environment,Shaanxi Normal University,710119,Xi′an,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,陕西师范大学地理学国家级实验教学示范中心,西安710119

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2022年第5期31-38,共8页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“黄土高原典型乡土草本植物根系对土壤分离的影响及其机制”(41977061);陕西师范大学中央高校项目“黄土丘陵区侵蚀坡面微生境种子沉积特征及其对幼苗更新的影响”(GK202103147)。

摘　　要：沟沿线是黄土丘陵区沟间地和下部沟谷地的过渡地带,人为活动干扰相对较少,沟沿线不同微生境形成的植物群落,对沟沿线侵蚀防控和乡土物种保存具有重要意义。在陕北黄土丘陵区选取不同走向的支沟,将沟沿线划分为沟头和瓦背2种微地形进行植被调查,探究沟沿线不同微地形植物群落物种组成及物种多样性特征。结果表明:沟沿线物种丰富,调查植物共计34科73属90种,其中分布频率较高、重要值较高的物种均是该区潜在的抗侵蚀物种,也是退耕地恢复和人工林下植物恢复的重要种源。不同微地形物种数量无明显差异,但物种重要值随微地形变化,说明群落结构受到微地形的影响。沟沿线植物群落多样性受坡向、微地形及其二者交互作用的影响,植被平均高度、盖度以及物种多样性指数在不同坡向的变化趋势大致表现为阴坡大于阳坡;沟头与瓦背相比,植物群落的物种丰富度更高,均匀度较低,物种多样性无显著差异。总之,沟沿线作为沟间地和沟谷地的过渡带,保存了丰富的物种,在防止沟道侵蚀和为坡面植物恢复提供种源等方面具有重要作用。[Background]The shoulder line is the transition zone between hill slope and gully slope in the hilly-gullied Loess Plateau region.Along the shoulder line,the disturbance from human activities is relatively fewer.The plant communities that distribute along the shoulder line play an important role in protecting gully head from headward erosion and providing habitat for native plant species.However,how the plant communities characteristics change with the different micro-topographies along the shoulder line is not well known.[Methods]We selected small watersheds with different orientations in hilly-gullied Loess Plateau region as study objects,and divided the micro-topography along shoulder line into two different micro-topographies,gully head area and inter shallow gully area,for vegetation investigation.The species composition,coverage,height and number of individual species were investigated.And species diversity characteristics of plant communities in different micro-topographies along the shoulder line were analyzed.[Results]The abundant species were retained along the shoulder line in the study region,and 90 species,belonging to 73 genera and 34 families were recorded.Most of these species were perennial herbs and grasses,and a few species were shrub and trees.Among them,the species with high distribution frequency and high importance value were potential anti-erosion species in this region,and were important seed resources for spontaneous restoration of abandoned slope land and understory layer in artificial forest.The community coverage changed from about 40%in the inter shallow gully area to 60%in the gully head area.The community height showed that the gully head area was higher than inter shallow gully area,and the maximum average height of vegetation was 29.43 cm in the gully head area.There was no significant difference in the number of species in different micro-topographies,but the importance value of individual plant species varied with micro-topographies,indicating that micro-topography affected com

关 键 词：沟沿线 物种组成 微地形 坡向 物种多样性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]