尿素与缓释氮肥配施对棉花氮肥利用率及产量的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Urea and Slow Release Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Cotton

作　　者：杨晓燕 邱悦 李文瑞玉 王唯举 李天胜 王海江[2] YANG Xiaoyan;QIU Yue;LI Wenruiyu;WANG Weiju;LI Tiansheng;WANG Haijiang(Dynea〔Guangdong〕Co.,Ltd.,Zhaoqing,Guangdong 526105,China;College of Agriculture,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]太尔胶粘剂〔广东〕有限公司,广东肇庆526105 [2]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2022年第5期24-28,共5页Fertilizer & Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42161042);兵团科技攻关重点研发项目(2018AA004、2020AB018);石河子大学项目(RCZK20208、CGZH202105)资助。

摘　　要：为考察不同施氮水平下尿素与缓释氮肥液态脲甲醛不同比例配施对棉花氮肥利用率的影响,开展了棉花盆栽试验。试验共设置8个施肥处理,每个施肥处理重复6次,分别测定苗期、蕾期、花期、铃期、吐絮期不同施肥处理棉花植株的干物质积累量、各器官氮素积累量、吐絮期的棉花产量,并分析氮肥利用率。结果表明:在不减氮水平下,60%普通尿素与40%缓释氮肥配合施用处理的棉花产量最高;在减氮20%水平下,60%普通尿素与20%缓释氮肥配合施用处理的氮肥利用率显著提高,且干物质积累量、氮素积累量、产量与100%普通尿素处理间无显著差异。60%普通尿素与40%缓释氮肥配合施用处理、减氮20%水平下60%普通尿素与20%缓释氮肥配合施用处理有利于提高棉花干物质和氮素积累,能显著提高氮肥利用率和棉花产量。In order to investigate the effects of different proportions of urea and slow release nitrogen fertilizer liquid urea formaldehyde on nitrogen use efficiency of cotton under different nitrogen application levels, a pot experiment of cotton is carried out. Eight fertilization treatments are set up in the experiment, and each fertilization treatment is repeated for six times. The dry matter accumulation of different treated cotton plants and nitrogen accumulation of various organs are measured at seedling stage, bud stage, flowering stage, boll stage and boll opening stage. The cotton yield in boll opening stage as well as the nitrogen use efficiency is analyzed. The results show that the cotton yield of 60% ordinary urea combined with 40% slow release nitrogen fertilizer is the highest without nitrogen reduction. Under the nitrogen application level of 20% nitrogen reduction, the nitrogen use efficiency of 60% ordinary urea combined with 20% slow release nitrogen fertilizer treatment is significantly improved, and there is no significant difference in dry matter accumulation, nitrogen accumulation and yield with 100% ordinary urea treatment. The combined application of 60% ordinary urea and 40% slow release nitrogen fertilizer and the combined application of 60% ordinary urea and 20% slow release nitrogen fertilizer at the level of 20% nitrogen reduction are beneficial to improve cotton dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, and can significantly improve nitrogen use efficiency and cotton yield.

关 键 词：棉花 缓释氮肥 脲甲醛 尿素 配施 氮肥利用率 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S143.1