2016-2020年柳州市新生入学结核病筛查与学生结核病发病情况分析  

Tuberculosis screening among freshmen and incidence of tuberculosis among students in Liuzhou from 2016 to 2020

作　　者：黄宝杨[1] 韦概龙 HUANG Baoyang;WEI Gailong(Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute of Liuzhou Center for Disease Prevemtion and Control,Liuzhou 545007,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西柳州市疾病预防控制中心结核病防制所,广西柳州545007

出　　处：《右江医学》2022年第10期790-793,共4页Chinese Youjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的了解柳州市入学新生结核菌感染、结核病检出及学生结核病发病情况并进行分析,为制定学校结核病防控策略提供理论依据。方法整理2016—2020年柳州市新生入学体检结核病筛查结果,收集中国结核病管理信息系统报告的学生结核病疫情资料,并进行统计描述和分析。结果2016—2020年柳州市累计报告学生结核病患者508例,年均报告发病率为14.95/10万,不同年份学生结核病报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.63,P<0.05)。2016—2020年共597179名新生开展入学体检,其中进行结核菌素皮肤试验(PPD试验)有220269人,PPD试验强阳性率为1.70%,活动性结核病患者年均检出率为15.74/10万;不同年份新生PPD试验强阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=137.97,P<0.05),呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=131.43,P<0.05);初中和高中新生PPD试验强阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=96.29,P<0.05);不同年级新生结核病检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=133.22,P<0.05),亦随着年级的升高呈上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=107.33,P<0.05)。结论近年来学校结核病的潜伏感染者呈上升趋势,校园疫情不容忽视,重视新生入学体检结核病筛查工作,加深卫生健康部门与教育部门的合作,进一步完善以“关口前移”为核心的结核病防控体系,是有效减少学校结核病疫情的重要措施。Objective To understand and analyze the tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis detection among freshmen and the incidence of tuberculosis among students in Liuzhou City,and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating school tuberculosis prevention and control strategies.Methods The tuberculosis screening results of freshmen in Liuzhou from 2016 to 2020 and the tuberculosis data of students in Chinese tuberculosis information management system were collected and analyzed.Results From 2016 to 2020,a total of 508 students with tuberculosis were reported in Liuzhou City,with an average annually reported incidence of 14.95/100000,and there was statistically significant difference in the reported incidences of tuberculosis among students in different years(χ^(2)=18.63,P<0.05).From 2016 to 2020,a total of 597179 freshmen had the physical examination;220269 of them undergone tuberculin skin test(PPD test),and the strong positive rate was 1.70%.The average annual detection rate of active tuberculosis patients was 15.74/100000.There was statistically significant difference in the strong positive rate of PPD test among freshmen in different years(χ^(2)=137.97,P<0.05),showing an increasing trend year by year(χ^(2) trend=131.43,P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the strong positive rates of PPD test between junior and senior high school freshmen(χ^(2)=96.29,P<0.05);the detection rates of tuberculosis among freshmen in different grades were statistically significant different(χ^(2)=133.22,P<0.05),indicating an increasing trend with the increase of grade(χ^(2) trend=107.33,P<0.05).Conclusion In recent years,the latent infection of tuberculosis in schools is on the rise,which cannot be ignored.To attach importance to the tuberculosis screening in freshmen physical examination,deepen the cooperation between public health authority and education authority,and further improve the tuberculosis prevention and control system with the core principle of"early control"were important measures for effective

关 键 词：新生入学体检 结核菌素皮肤试验 结核病 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]