包头稀土精矿在微波条件下的络合分解研究  

Complexation Decomposition of Baotou Rare Earth Concentrate under Microwave Condition

作　　者：宋金桥 张晓伟[1,2] 张子木 王觅堂[1,2] 胡艳宏[1] 柳召刚 Song Jinqiao;Zhang Xiaowei;Zhang Zimu;Wang Mitang;Hu Yanhong;Liu Zhaogang(School of Materials and Metallurgy,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou O14010,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Metallurgy of Multi-Metal Intergrown Ores of Ministry of Education,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]上海理工大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200093 [3]东北大学多金属共生矿生态化冶金教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2022年第5期844-852,共9页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51964040,51564042);内蒙古青年科技英才B类项目(NJYT-19-B27);东北大学教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(NEMM2017004)资助。

摘　　要：采用HCl-AlCl_(3)溶液体系,在微波加热条件下络合分解包头混合稀土精矿,主要探究了微波功率、液固比、HCl浓度、反应温度、AlCl_(3)浓度及反应时间对稀土及精矿浸出率的影响,并对浸出过程动力学进行了详细研究。实验得到最优的浸出条件为:微波功率560 W,液固比16∶1 mL·g^(-1),HCl浓度3.5 mol·L^(-1),反应温度85℃,AlCl_(3)浓度1 mol·L^(-1),反应时间75 min。稀土浸出率达74.36%,精矿浸出率达75.59%。经XRD,SEM-EDS及化学分析结果表明,混合稀土精矿中的氟碳铈矿几乎全部被分解,微波法络合浸出精矿的过程符合收缩核变形模型,反应的表观活化能为56.44 kJ·mol^(-1)。HCl-AlCl_(3) solution system was used to complexation of Baotou mixed rare earth concentrate under microwave condition.The effects of microwave power,liquid-solid ratio,HCl concentration,reaction temperature,AlCl_(3) concentration and reaction time on the leaching rate of rare earth and mixed concentrate were explored,and the leaching process kinetics was studied in detail.The optimal leaching conditions were obtained as follows:microwave power 560 W,liquid-solid ratio 16∶1 mL·g^(-1),HCl concentration 3.5 mol·L^(-1),reaction temperature 85℃,AlCl_(3) concentration 1 mol·L^(-1),reaction time 75 min.The rare earth leaching rate was 74.36%,and the mixed concentrate leaching rate was 75.59%.The results of XRD,SEM-EDS and chemical analysis show that almost all the bastnaesite in the mixed rare earth concentrate is decomposed.The leaching process of the concentrate by microwave complex leaching conforms to the shrink core deformation model,and the apparent activation energy of the reaction is 56.44 kJ·mol^(-1).

关 键 词：稀土精矿 氟铝络合 微波 浸出率 动力学 

分 类 号：TF845.6[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]