制氢装置转化炉炉管焊缝开裂原因分析及预防措施  

Cause analysis of weld seam cracking in reformer tube of hydrogen production plant and its preventive measures

作　　者：赵进成 童元梁 杨旭东 黄超鹏 ZHAO Jincheng;TONG Yuanliang;YANG Xudong;HUANG Chaopeng(PetroChina Yumen Oilfield Company,Jiuquan 735200,China;Machinery Industry Shanghai Lanya Petrochemical Equipment Testing Co.,Ltd.Shanghai 200000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油玉门油田公司,甘肃酒泉735200 [2]上海蓝亚石化设备检测有限公司,上海200000

出　　处：《石油化工腐蚀与防护》2022年第5期61-64,共4页Corrosion & Protection In Petrochemical Industry

摘　　要：某制氢装置转化炉炉管上部法兰环焊缝热影响区产生裂纹,造成介质泄漏。采用宏观检查、材料成分分析、力学性能分析、金相组织分析以及扫描电镜分析等方法对其失效原因进行了分析。结果表明:炉管材料成分合格,内壁金相组织基本正常;由于转化炉内部高温作用,炉管外表面存在析出相、氧化层和金相组织转变,炉管材质从内到外在局部区域产生高温蠕变,材质劣化,力学性能大幅度降低。针对炉管焊缝开裂的原因,提出了相应的预防建议及处理措施。Cracks occurred in heat affected zone of girth weld of upper flange of reformer tube in a hydrogen production plant, resulting in medium leakage. The failure was analyzed by means of macroscopic examination, material composition analysis, mechanical property analysis, metallographic structure analysis and scanning electron microscope analysis. The studies indicated that the material composition of reformer tube is qualified and metallographic structure of inner wall is basically normal. Owing to the reasons of high temperature inside the reformer, precipitates, oxide layer and metallographic structure transformation appeared on the external surface of reformer tube, high-temperature creep occurred in local area of reformer tube from inside to outside, tube material was deteriorated and mechanical properties was greatly reduced. Relevant recommendations and corrective actions were provided.

关 键 词：转化炉 炉管 焊缝开裂 热疲劳 裂纹 高温蠕变 

分 类 号：TQ116.2[化学工程—无机化工] TG441.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]