印欧语中动语态到底为何物  

What the Hell is the Middle Voice in European Languages

作　　者：吴怀成[1] Wu Huaicheng(Shanghai University of International Business and Economics)

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学国际商务外语学院/中东欧合作汉语言文化研究中心

出　　处：《励耘语言学刊》2022年第1期248-265,共18页

基　　金：教育部人文社科规划基金项目“构式语法视角下汉语句式及物性高低转化和承继关系研究”(21YJA740043)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：从印欧语中动语态的历时发展和共时差异可以看出,中动语态是动词的一个形态-句法范畴,该范畴具有多义性,是以去致使义为核心的语义聚合群。英语中动句只是中动语态众多语义类型中的一个,其句法表现与其他印欧语中同义句式有同有异。根据英语概括出的一些中动句特征,不仅不适合对其他印欧语中动句的分析,更不适合对汉语所谓的中动句的分析。Middle voice is a morpho-syntactic category of verbs,which is a polysemantic category with anticausative as its core meaning,from the aspects of its diachronic development and synchronic distinctions.The meaning which English middle sentence expresses is just one of the semantic types that middle voice has,whose syntactic representations are somehow similar to and somehow different from those of other European languages.The generalized features from English middle sentence is not only unsuitable for analyzing the middle sentences in other European languages but also for Chinese.

关 键 词：中动语态 中动句 多义性 

分 类 号：H7[语言文字]