FDM型3D打印机螺杆设计与性能分析  

Design and Performance Analysis of Screw of FDM 3D Printer

作　　者：任礼 白海清[1,2] 鲍骏 贾仕奎 李超凡 杨思瑞[1] REN Li;BAI Haiqing;BAO Jun;JIA Shikui;LI Chaofan;YANG Sirui(College of Mechanical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723001,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723001,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723001,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学,机械工程学院,陕西汉中723001 [2]陕西省工业自动化重点试验室,陕西汉中723001 [3]陕西理工大学,材料科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723001

出　　处：《塑料》2022年第5期1-7,共7页Plastics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51703121);陕西理工大学研究生创新基金(SLGYCX2124)。

摘　　要：螺杆挤出式熔融沉积成型(FDM)喷头解决了传统喷头对打印材料选择范围限制较大的问题。基于螺杆挤出机构的工作原理,设计了应用于桌面级3D打印设备的小型化螺杆挤出系统,并搭建了运动平台。为保证挤出系统安全稳定运行,根据3D打印工况核算了螺杆强度,并通过静力学有限元分析对结果进行了验证,明确了其应力集中现象在螺杆根径较小的加料段螺棱底部最明显。加料段截面平均应力为15.799 MPa,远小于材料许用应力278.333 MPa,强度符合要求。进行了流场的数值模拟,讨论了两类实际存在的螺杆-料筒间隙变化对流场的影响,结果表明,间隙变化量小于0.05 mm时,流场参数趋近理想状态,大于0.1 mm时,则对挤出机构性能带来不利影响,因此,合理的结构设计能提高挤出系统的刚度,保证制品质量。The application of screw extrusion melt deposition(FDM)nozzle was the key to solve the problem that the traditional nozzle had too large limitation on the selection range of printing materials.Based on the working principle of screw extruder mechanism,a miniaturized screw extruder system for desktop 3D printing equipment was designed and a motion platform was built.In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the extrusion system,the strength of the screw was calculated according to the 3D printing condition,and the results were verified by the static finite element analysis.It was clear that the stress concentration phenomenon had been most obvious at the bottom of the screw edge in the feeding section with smaller root diameter of the screw.The average cross-section stress of the feeding section was 15.799 MPa,which was far less than the allowable stress of the material,278.333 MPa.The strength meeted the requirements.Numerical simulation of the flow field was carried out,and the two kinds of real screw-charging barrel clearance between the effects of flow field were discussed,the results showed that the clearance variation was less than 0.05 mm when approaching the ideal flow field parameters,greater than 0.1 mm,adversely affected the performance of extrusion mechanism,should be raised by reasonable structure design of extrusion system stiffness,ensureed the quality of products.

关 键 词：3D打印 螺杆强度 有限元 间隙 流场 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TQ320.66[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]