樟树加工剩余物育苗容器对黄瓜幼苗生长及生理特征的影响  

Effects of Seedling Containers Made of Camphor Tree Processing Residues on Cucumber Seedling Growth and Physiological Characteristics

作　　者：贺磊[1] 孙恩惠[2,3] 邓涛 雍宬[2] 范肖东 黄红英 HE Lei;SUN Enhui;DENG Tao;YONG Cheng;FAN Xiaodong;HUANG Hongying(Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang 330032;Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization/Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization(Coastal Saline-Alkali Lands),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014;School of Life Sciences,College of Agriculture,Engineering and Science,University of KwaZulu-Natal,Scottsville 3209,Republic of South Africa;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037)

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院,南昌330032 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部盐碱土改良与利用(滨海盐碱地)重点实验室/江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心,南京210014 [3]夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学农业、工程与科学学院生命科学学院,南非斯科茨维尔3209 [4]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,南京210037

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第25期38-46,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：江西省科技厅重大科技研发专项“我国南方香料樟树高效种植与精深加工全产业链关键技术研究与开发”(20203ABC28W016);江西省林业局樟树研究专项“樟树资源及其香料全产业链开发关键技术研究与推广应用”(2020-04-04);江苏省重点研发项目“秸秆吸滤法制备生物降解农用制品关键技术研究与产品创制”(BE2020335);江苏省农业科技自主创新项目“秸秆育秧基质盘水稻精准打印播种关键技术研发”[CX(20)3069]。

摘　　要：为明确以樟树加工剩余物为原料制备的育苗容器对黄瓜幼苗生长及生理特征的影响,通过分析3种不同原材料制备育苗容器[未提取精油加工剩余物(TF-A)、提取精油后的加工剩余物(TF-B)和1:1共混物料(TF-C)]的理化特征、生物可降解性,测定育苗容器吸水特性变化与养分释放规律,以及对黄瓜种子发芽、幼苗生长生理指标及形貌结构的影响。结果表明,吸附平衡前,吸水率、吸水厚度膨胀率与浸渍时间呈线性相关(R^(2)>0.8521),疏水性TF-A>TF-C>TF-B。育苗期间,容器总氮释放量最高达50.23%,总磷释放速率略低于总钾,有机碳矿化率差异不显著。与塑料容器(CK)相比,TF-B发芽率达74.81%,育苗容器发芽率最高达94%,无显著差异;TF-C茎基宽、叶绿素、地上鲜重、地下鲜重、地上干重和地下干重分别提高4.59%、12.18%、3.01%、6.80%、2.86%和15.79%,壮苗指数提高23.64%。总体上,樟树加工剩余物育苗容器对黄瓜幼苗生长表现出良好的育苗特性,与塑料容器育苗无显著差异。研究表明,以樟树加工剩余物作为基质载体在苗床育苗中具有较好的应用潜力,拓展了其剩余物资源高值加工利用途径。To determine the effects of seedling containers made of processing residues of camphor trees on the growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber seedlings,in this study,we analyzed the physical and chemical characteristics,and biodegradable properties of three kinds of containers(SCs)made of different raw materials[processing residues without essential oil extraction(TF-A),processing residues after extracting essential oil(TF-B)and 1:1 blending materials(TF-C)],and measured the containers’water absorption characteristics’change and nutrient release regularity.Moreover,we investigated the effects of these SCs on cucumber seed germination,and on the growth physiological indexes and morphology of cucumber seedlings.The results showed that,before reaching adsorption equilibrium,the water absorption rate and swelling rate of water absorption thickness were linearly correlated with the soaking time(R^(2)>0.8521),and the hydrophobicity of the seedling container TF-A was the largest,followed by TF-C and then TF-B.During the culturing period,the total nitrogen release rate in the three kinds of containers was up to 50.23%,the total phosphorus release rate was slightly lower than the rate of total potassium,and the organic carbon mineralization rate had no significant change.The germination potential of the seedlings in TF-B reached 74.81%,and the highest germination rate was 94%,with no significant difference from those in plastic containers(CK).Comparing the seedlings cultivated in TF-C with those in CK,the stem base width,chlorophyll,aboveground fresh weight,underground fresh weight,aboveground dry weight and underground dry weight were increased by 4.59%,12.18%,3.01%,6.80%,2.86%and 15.79%,respectively,and the seedling index was increased by 23.64%.In general,cucumber seedlings cultivated in containers made of camphor tress processing residues showed good seedling growth characteristics,and had no significant difference from those cultivated in plastic containers.The results indicate that the utilization of

关 键 词：樟树加工剩余物 育苗容器 黄瓜 生长 育苗 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]