“只是”作为含有“是”的双音结构演化历程及其语法化  

The Evolutionary History and Grammaticalization of zhishi as a Disyllabic Structure of shi

作　　者：冯广艺[1] 张春艳 FENG Guangyi;ZHANG Chunyan(Research Center for Language and Language Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430079;School of Languages and Culture,Chuxiong Normal University,Chuxiong,Yunnan Province 675000)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心,湖北武汉430079 [2]楚雄师范学院语言文化学院,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《楚雄师范学院学报》2022年第5期9-14,共6页Journal of Chuxiong Normal University

摘　　要：“只是”在历时发展过程中,主要经历了四个阶段:“只”和“是”单用阶段,此时“是”作为判断动词已开始出现;“只+是”连用并凝固阶段,也是判断动词“是”能稳定受副词“只”修饰的过渡阶段,语义重心在“是”;“只是”作副词阶段,此时“是”表判断的功能弱化或消失,语义重心在“只”,“是”语义脱落这一过程构成语法化,“是”的语法化也为“只是”的重新分析创造了必要条件;“只是”作转折连词阶段,“只是”从唐代作为副词出现之后,用法逐渐成熟,之后“只是”的意义进一步虚化,连词用法渐渐增多,“只”和“是”之间的界线消失。The diachronic development process of zhishi includes four major periods.First,the period of using zhi and shi separately where shi began to be used as a judgment verb.Second,the combination and solidification period of zhi+shi,or the transitional period where the judgment verb shi can be stably modified by the adverb zhi with the semantic focus on shi.Third,the period where zhishi is used as an adverb where the judgment function of shi weakened or disappeared with the semantic focus on zhi;meanwhile the process of semantic abscission of shi constitutes grammaticalization and the grammaticalization of shi also creates necessary conditions for the reanalysis of zhishi.Fourth,the period of zhishi being used as a turning conjunction.Since zhishi was first used as an adverb in the Tang Dynasty(618-907),its usage gradually matured.Later,the meaning of zhishi further weakened while its conjunction use gradually increased until the boundary between zhi and shi eventually disappeared.

关 键 词：“只” “是” “只是” 语法化 

分 类 号：H136.1[语言文字—汉语]