大椭圆轨道高速再入返回的多脉冲轨道控制策略  

Multi-Pulse Orbit Control Strategy for High-Speed Reentry and Return in Highly Elliptical Orbit

作　　者：李革非[1,2] 郝大功 曹鹏飞[1] 徐海涛 LI Gefei;HAO Dagong;CAO Pengfei;XU Haitao(Beijing Aerospace Control Center,Beijing 100094,China;Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics Laboratory,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天飞行控制中心,北京100094 [2]航天动力学技术重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2022年第5期582-590,共9页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：装备预研重点实验室基金(6142210190105)。

摘　　要：针对近地航天器实现高速再入返回的问题,研究了大椭圆轨道多脉冲轨道控制策略设计和求解方法。首先,通过关联约束合并确定了轨道控制瞄准的多目标参数为着陆点经度、纬度、再入角、回归轨道半长轴;提出了通过轨道控制调整轨道拱线方向,解决了高速再入返回要求大椭圆轨道近地点位于着陆点上空、返回轨迹纬度经过着陆点的问题;采用在近地点持续抬升远地点高度的多组轨道控制,既保证了返回轨迹经度经过着陆点,也保证了回归轨道周期满足要求。基于四脉冲控制思路进行了多脉冲延拓分解,建立了多脉冲规划参数与多目标瞄准参数的求解关系;设计了目标参数全部求解的整体规划模式和目标参数部分求解的降维规划模式,在不同轨道条件下实现高速再入返回轨道参数满足目标要求。可应用于航天器多脉冲、多目标轨道设计和控制。To solve the problem of high-speed re-entry and return of near-earth spacecraft,the con-trol strategy design and solution method for multi-pulse orbits in highly elliptical orbits were studied.The multi-target parameters for orbit control aiming were determined through the combination of asso-ciated constraints as the landing longitude and latitude,the re-entry angle,and the semi-major axis of the return orbit.It was proposed that the direction of the orbit arch line be adjusted through orbit control,and the problem that the high-speed reentry and return requiring the perigee of the highly elliptical orbit to be located above the landing point and the return trajectory latitude accurately pass-ing through the predetermined landing point was solved.The use of multiple sets of orbit control that continuously raising the height of the apogee at the perigee not only ensured that the longitude of the return trajectory could accurately pass through the predetermined landing point,but also ensured that the return orbit period could meet the requirements.Based on the four-pulse control idea,the multi-pulse continuation decomposition was carried out,and the solution relationship between the multi-pulse planning parameters and the multi-target aiming parameters was established.The overall planning mode in which all the target parameters were solved and the dimensionality reduction plan-ning mode in which the target parameters were partially solved were designed to achieve high-speed reentry and return orbit parameters to meet the target requirements under different orbit conditions.It may be applied to multi-pulse,multi-target orbit design and control of spacecraft.

关 键 词：大椭圆轨道 高速再入返回 多脉冲轨道控制 控制策略规划 

分 类 号：V412[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]