高等学校英语应用能力考试公平性研究  

A study on the fairness of PRETCO

作　　者：杨志强 曾用强[2] 陈刚 YANG Zhiqiang;ZENG Yongqiang;CHEN Gang

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,广东广州510420 [2]广东省外语艺术职业学院,广东广州510640 [3]重庆科技学院外国语学院,重庆410331

出　　处：《外语测试与教学》2022年第4期18-27,共10页Foreign Language Testing and Teaching

基　　金：广东外语外贸大学研究生科研创新项目“高等学校英语应用能力考试公平性研究”(项目编号:21GWCXXM-070);重庆科技学院外国语学院人文社科项目(项目编号:WYXY-202210)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本研究基于MG-CFA和MIMIC模型,从性别和专业两个维度、考试的多个层面探讨高等学校英语应用能力考试的公平性。结果发现:该考试的整体层面在两个维度均呈现严格意义上的测量不变性,但是题型层面和题组层面在不同维度均出现了不同程度的测量偏差。在题型层面,阅读题型在性别和专业两个维度的测量均存在偏差,其他题型也在其中一个维度出现偏差;在题组层面,阅读填空、阅读匹配和阅读问答更有利于女生和文科生,听力短对话和听写填空分别有利于男生和女生,而这两个题组均偏向理科生。但上述这些偏差程度较小,对考试效度影响不大。考试整体构念和题型、题组之间的关系较为复杂,影响考试公平性的因素众多,其相互作用和运作机制有待进一步研究。Adopting methods of multi-group confirmatory factor analysis(MG-CFA)and Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes(MIMIC),this study is aimed at exploring the fairness of a large scale English test,Practical English Test for Colleges(PRETCO),from the perspectives of gender&major and the structure of the test.The results reveal that strict measurement invariance has been detected concerning the two dimensions for the PRETCO.Biases,however,exist in test tasks and testlets.As for the test tasks,Reading test tasks are inequitable in both dimensions,and other test tasks are favorable to test takers of one dimension;testlets of Reading and Filling,Match,and Reading and Answering favor female and arts students;such testlets as Short Dialogue and Dictation are advantageous to male and female students respectively,and both are favorable to science students.However,these biases are small and have little effect on the validity of the test.The relationship between test construct and test tasks or testlets is complex,which can be attributable to many factors,and the interaction and mechanism between them call for further exploration.

关 键 词：大规模英语考试 高等学校英语应用能力 考试公平性 性别 专业 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]