神经系统的二进制原理与新文科建设  

Binary Principles of the Nervous System and the Development of New Humanities and Social Sciences

作　　者：何辉斌[1] He Huibin

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《新文科理论与实践》2022年第3期43-53,124,共12页Journal of New Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“戏剧表演和观赏的认知研究”(17AWW006)的阶段性成果.

摘　　要：神经系统的重要工作原理之一是二进制.视觉系统也是如此,其神经细胞把对象分解成不同的信息,如形状、颜色、运动等,再把这些信息进一步分类,使之变得方便处理,然后以二进制的方式进行感知;所得信息在神经元电流中又以二进制的形式传到相应的专业化中枢神经;所有电位虽然都一样,但电位的数量和电流的频率不同,可以体现感觉的强弱,专业化的中枢神经可以把电流阐释为不同的感觉;中枢神经再把信息整合起来,做决定后以二进制的形式把信息传送给运动细胞;在感知、输入、输出的过程中,信息都是二进制的,可操控、可量化.这种信号如果足够强,而且持续了一定的时间,就会产生自觉的意识;如果时间短,强度不够,就会产生潜意识.人文思想赖以进行的神经元与自然科学使用的神经元是一样的,两者具有共通的基础,只是人文学科比较强调神经系统的特殊使用.西方自然科学家已经非常重视精神世界的研究,人文学者也积极吸收新的科学成果,形成了颇有特色的新文科,对中国新文科建设具有较大的参考价值.Binary is one of the important working principles of the nervous system.The same is true of the visual system,whose nerve cells break down objects into different information,such as shape,color,movement,etc.,and further classify the information for easy processing,and perceive it in a binary way;the resulting information is transmitted in the neuronal current in binary to the corresponding specialized central nervous system.A4hough all potentials are the same,different numbers of potentials and frequencies of the current can reflect the strength of the sensation,and the specialized central nervous system can interpret the current as different sensations;the central nervous system then integrates the information,and transmits it to motor cells in binary according to the decision.During the whole process from perception,input to output,information is all in binary form,which is manipulable and quantifiable.If this signal is strong enough and lasts a certain amount of time,conscious awareness will be produced,otherwise,the subconscious mind will come into being.The neurons that carry and transmit humanistic thought are the same as those used in the natural sciences,and the two share a common basis,except that the humanities disciplines emphasize the special usage of nervous system.Natural scientists in Western countries have attached great importance to the study of the spiritual world,and humanities scholars have also been integrating new scientific discoveries into their research fields,forming distinctive new disciplines of liberal arts,which are valuable references for the development of new humanities and social sciences in China.

关 键 词：神经元 二进制 新文科 

分 类 号：R338[医药卫生—人体生理学]